Unit 1 (Organic Chemistry) Flashcards
1
Q
Define organic chemistry.
A
The study of all carbon-containing molecules.
2
Q
What are hydrocarbons?
A
A covalently bonded hydro and carbon.
3
Q
What forms the “backbone” of all biological macromolecules?
A
Chains and rings of Carbon molecules.
4
Q
What is a functional group?
A
A combination of atoms that causes a specific reaction, they attach to Carbon chains and rings
5
Q
What are the four primary functional groups?
A
Hydroxyl, Phosphate, Carboxyl, Amino (CAPH)
6
Q
What is the structure of a hydroxyl group?
A
-OH (alcohol)
7
Q
What is the structure of a carboxyl group?
A
-COOH (vinegar)
8
Q
What is the structure of an amino group?
A
-NHH or -NH2 (an amino group)
9
Q
What is a phosphate group?
A
A phosphorous atom bonded to four oxygens
(part of RNA, DNA, etc)
