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AP Human Geography > Unit 1 Overview > Flashcards

Unit 1 Overview Flashcards

(53 cards)

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1
Q

Reference Maps

A

Made for people to refer to them about general info for places.

KEYWORD: Reference

Ex: Google maps, world maps

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2
Q

Isoline Maps

A

Also called isometric maps, they use lines that connect to points of equal value to show variations in data across space.

KEYWORD: Isoline -> Line

Ex: Topograph

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3
Q

Thematic Maps

A

Shows the spatial aspects of information or phenomena.

KEYWORD: Thematic -> Theme

Ex: Wheather maps, mind maps

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4
Q

Dot Distribution Maps

A

Used to show specific location and distribution of something. Each dot is a specific quantity.

KEYWORD: Dot & Distrabution

Ex: Each dot on a city map is a pet owner.

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5
Q

Choropleth Maps

A

Recognizable areas shaded or patterned in proportion with the measurement of the variable.

KEYWORD: Chloro -> Color

Ex: Republican Vs. Democrat political map

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6
Q

Graduated Symbol Maps

A

Displays symbols that change in size according to the value of the variable.

KEYWORD : Symbol

Ex: Hiroshima and Nagasaki impact map.

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7
Q

Cartogram Map

A

The size of a country or state is proportional to the value of the variable.

Ex: Canada is smaller because of the smaller population (variable).

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8
Q

Spatial Patterns

A

The general arrangement of things being studied.

KEYWORD: Spatial -> Space

Ex: Describing networks and relationships.

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9
Q

Absolute Distance

A

Measured in units (miles, kilometers).

KEYWORD: Aboslute

Ex: the elevation of Mt. Everest is over 2900 feet.

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10
Q

Relative Distance

A

The degree of nearness is based on time or money. Dependent on travel mode.

KEYWORD: Relative

Ex: My house is a 10-minute walk from my school.

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11
Q

Relative Direction

A

In relation to the subject’s current orientation and location.

KEYWORD: Relative

Ex: Left of Portugal and right of France.

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12
Q

Absolute Direction

A

Set to a fixed frame of reference. Always the same direction regardless of location.

KEYWORD: Absolute

Ex: N, W, E. S, below, above, right, left

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13
Q

Clustering

A

Also called agglomerated, it is to be in a group/concentrated area

KEYWORD: Cluster

Ex: Clustering of cities along the TX and MX border.

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14
Q

Dispersal

A

Spread over a large area.

KEYWORD: Dsiperse

Ex: Location of franchise stores in a city.

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15
Q

Elevation

A

Distance of features above sea level.

KEYWORD: Elevate

Ex: The mountain is over 25,00 meters above sea level.

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16
Q

Maps (General info)

A
  • All maps are distorted in some way (spatial relationships, shape, area, distance, direction, ect.)
  • All maps are selective in info
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17
Q

Projection

A

Scientific way of transferring locations of Earth onto a flat surface.

Ex: Maps

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18
Q

Scale

A

The relationship of a feature’s size on a map to its actual size on Earth.

Ex: 1:1,000,000

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19
Q

Robinson Map

A

General use

KEYWORD: Robinson -> Baseball player -> Round ball

Ex: Oval shape, slight distortion all around,

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20
Q

Mercator Map

A

Navigation

Ex: Directions are accurate, lines or longitude and latitude meet at correct points, Distance between longitude and latitude seems equal, and land masses near the poles are accentuated.

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21
Q

Gall-Peter’s Map

A

Spatial distributions related to area.

KEYWORD: Peter

Ex: Sizes and masses are accurate, stretched, and shapes inaccurate, especially near the poles.

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22
Q

Conic Map

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A

General use for mid-latitude areas

KEYWORD: Conic -> Cone

Ex: Arch/full circle, lines of longitude and latitude coverage, Lines of latitude are curved, size and shape are close to real life, Directions not constant, On other maps, longitude lines converge only at the poles.

23
Q

Winkel Map

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A

Used for World maps

Ex: Lattitude is slightly inaccurate, minimizes all distortion,

24
Q

Data (General)

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A
  • May be collected from an organization/individual
  • Used for various scales and government decisions
25
Remote Sensing
Acquisition of data about the Earth's surface from a satellite or some other long-distance method. KEYWORD: *Remote* Ex: Satalite camera, sonar
26
Global Positioning Systems
Accurately determines the precise position of something on Earth. KEYWORD: *GPS* Ex: GPS for your car.
27
Geographic Information Systems
Computer systems that can capture store, analyze, display, and query geographic data KEYWORD: "GIS" Ex:
28
Census
Count of the population KEYWORD: "The 'C' in 'census' stands for 'count'" Ex: The USA takes one every year and helps determine the number of house reps along with public projects.
29
Satalittel Imagery
Can show population stats (literacy rates, Birth rates, ect) or a physical feature (mountains, urban areas, etc). Can locate mineral deposits, determine the size of a freshwater source, or see where areas are damaged. Valuable to urban planners, government, etc. KEYWORD: "Satellite Images" Ex: Bird's eye view of geographical physical features.
30
Relative Location
The position of something relative to another landmark. KEYWORD: *Relative* Ex: South of MHS
30
Absolute Location
The fixed position that never ever changes. KEYWORD: *Absolute* Ex: Coordinates
31
32
Space
General, objective locatrion. Ex: When comparing Austin, Dalla, And Houston schools, these three cities are locations.
33
Flow
Interaction of movement of ppl, goods, and info. KEYWORD: *Flow -> water flow* Ex: Asains migrating to California
34
Distance Decay
Intensity decreases as distance increases. KEYWORD: *Decay* Ex: Accents
35
Time-Space Compression
An increasing sense of the world is becoming smaller. KEYWORD: *Compression -> smaller* Ex: Travel is very efficient at present.
36
Pattern
The geometric or regular arrangement of an area Ex: Nucleated, linear, dispersed
37
Sustainability
To use resources so that you can also use them in the future. KEYWORD: *Sustain* Ex: Solar power, recycling
38
Natural Resources
Materials/substances we get from the land. KEYWORD: *Natural* Ex: Wood, oil
39
Land Use
The management/modification of the natural world into a built environment. KEYWORD: *Use* Ex: Forest -> Farmland
40
Environmental Determinism
The old theory states that the physical environment sets hard limits on human society. Used to justify racism. KEYWORD: *Determinism -> Determines limiyts* Ex: Europe is more advanced because of the temperate climate.
41
42
Possibilism
Developed as a response to Environmental Determinism, it means that while cultural geography is the theory that the environment sets certain limits/constraints culture is determined by society. This can overcome the limits and let civilization grow. KEYWORD: *Psssiblism -> Possiblities* Ex: Ancient China was advanced even though some parts of it were tropical.
43
Scales of Analysis
Level generalization KEYWORD: *Scale* Ex: Local, regional, global
44
Global Scale
The whole world KEYWORD: *Global -> World* Ex: Map of Earth at night.
45
Local Scale
Province, city, state, county, or neighborhood. Ex: Austin, Quebec
46
National Regional Scale
A portion of a country/region within it. KEYWORD: *Regional -> Regions* Ex: Midwest, Deep South
47
National Scale
One country KEYWORD: *National -> Nation* Ex: South Korea, India
48
World Regional Scale
Multiple countries of the world KEYWORD: *World & Regional* Ex: Caribbean, Polynesia
49
Vernacular Reigon
Baed on a individual's perception of reality (shaped by their culture and background). Ex: Middle East
50
Functional Region
Organized by a node. Ex: Pizza delivery zone.
51
Formal Region
Homogenous within which everyone shares one or more distinctive characteristics. KEYWORD: *Formal* Ex: Cities, towns, villages
52
Regions (General)
- Defined by one or more common characteristics/pattern - Boundaries are often transitional and have overlapping

AP Human Geography (1 decks)

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