Unit 1: Pathophysiology Introduction

Question 1

Etiology

Answer 1

Causative factors in a particular disease

Question 2

Idiopathic

Answer 2

When the cause of disease is unknown

Question 3

Iatrogenic

Answer 3

When a treatment, a procedure, or an error may cause a disease, which is then known as…

Question 4

Predisposing factors

Answer 4

All the tendencies that promote the development of a disease in an individual.

Question 5

Pathogenesis

Answer 5

The development of the disease or the sequence of events involved in the tissue changes related to the specific disease process.

Question 6

Acute onset

Answer 6

Onset is sudden and obvious

Question 7

Insidious onset

Answer 7

Onset a gradual progression with only vague or very mild signs

Question 8

Acute disease

Answer 8

A short-term illness that develops very quickly with marked signs such high fever or severe pain

Question 9

Chronic disease

Answer 9

Is often a milder condition developing gradually but persists for a long time and usually causes more permanent tissue damage

Question 10

Manifestations

Answer 10

Are the clinical evidence or effects, the signs and symptoms, of disease. May be local or systemic.

Question 11

Signs

Answer 11

Objective indicators of disease that are obvious to someone other than the affected individual.

Examples fever or skin rash

Question 12

Symptoms

Answer 12

Subjective feelings of the affected individual.

Example: pain or nausea

Question 13

Lesion

Answer 13

A specific local change in the tissue. Maybe microscopic or highly visible.

Question 14

Remission

Answer 14

Mark the course (progress) of a disease.

Manifestations subside

Question 15

Exacerbations

Answer 15

Mark the course (progress) of a disease.

Signs increase

Question 16

Morbidity

Answer 16

The disease rates within a group

Question 17

Mortality

Answer 17

Indicate the relative number of deaths resulting from a particular disease

Question 18

Cellular atrophy

Answer 18

Decrease in the size of cells, resulting in a reduced tissue mass.

Question 19

Cellular hypertrophy

Answer 19

Increase in the size of cells, resulting in an enlarged tissue mass

Question 20

Cellular hyperplasia

Answer 20

Increase in the number of cells, resulting in an enlarged tissue mass

Question 21

Cellular metaplasia

Answer 21

One mature cell type is replaced by a different mature cell type

Question 22

Cellular Dysplasia

Answer 22

Tissue in which the cells very in size and shape

Question 23

Cellular neoplasm

Answer 23

“New growth”

Malignancy or tumor

Question 24

Ischemia

Answer 24

Decreased supply of oxygenated blood to tissues or organs, due to circulatory obstruction

Question 25

Physical agents (3)

Answer 25

Excessive heat Excessive cold Radiation exposure

Question 26

Mechanical damage (2)

Answer 26

Pressure Tearing of tissue

Question 27

Chemical

Answer 27

Toxins

Question 28

Microorganisms

Answer 28

Bacteria Viruses Parasites

Question 29

Disease

Answer 29

A deviation from normal structure or function of any part, organ, system (or a combination of these) from a state of wellness.

Question 30

Complications

Answer 30

New secondary or additional problems that arise after the original disease begins.

Question 31

Prognosis

Answer 31

The probability or likelihood for recovery or other outcomes.

Question 32

Apoptosis

Answer 32

Programmed cell death