UNIT 1: terms and concepts Flashcards
(35 cards)
LOW-LEVEL LANGUAGES?
(machine language) LLL
Refers to languages that sit close to the computer’s instruction set .
low means less obstruction between language and computer
it comprises of zeros and ones 01010010000
MACHINE LANGUAGE?
COLLECTION OF BINARY BITS
CONSISTING OF 1 AND 0
THAT COMPUTER READS AND INTERPRET
ASSEMBLY?
A PROGRAM which control or translate assembly language(uses mnmonic code/short words) into machine language
assembler?(converter to machine language)
assembles(come together)the machine language in main memory and makes it easier to read for execution.
HIGH LEVEL LANGUAGE?
(HLL)
Refers any programming language that enables development of a program in a much more user-friendly programming context and is generally independent of the computer’s hardware architecture
HLL?
3 ADVANTAGES?
IT IS USER FRIENDLY
Easy to debug
EASY TO WRITE
HLL?
3 DISADVANTAGES?
Execution is slow
Occupies more memory
CONVERSION IS SLOWER THAN LLL
LLL ??
3 ADVANTAGES?
Programs Execute Faster
Highly efficient
There is no need for conversion
LLL
3 DISADVANTAGES?
requires more time to write
Debugging the numerical values is Harder
NOT A PORTABLE LANGUAGE(MACHINE DEPENDENT)
DIFFICULT TOLEARN
SYNTAX?
REFERS TO a set of rules that govern coding language
eg.a statement must end with ;
SEMANTICS?
REFERS TO interpretation or meaning of the expressions,statements and program units.
eg.assignment statement is :=
PROCEDURAL PROGRAM DESIGN (PPD)???
This refers to the use of code in a step wise procedure to develop programs
FUNCTIONAL PROGRAM(FP)?
refers to a programming paradigm(pattern/example) in which we bind everything a pure mathematical style.
Its a declarative type
Focus on what to solve instead of howto solve.
OBJECT-ORIENTED DESIGNS(OOP)?
Refers to a program model that organizes software design around data or objects rather than functions and logic
Focus on objects developers want to control rather than logic to manipulate them.
PPD VS FP VS OOP?
PPD-FOCUS on operations rather than data.
Is reusable, modular and ideral for general purpose.
WHILE
FP-Functions are data, hence they can be declared and called in any context that a piece of data appear. has two categories impure and pure.
WHILE
OOP-maintains idea that everything can be modeled in objects.it is ideal for scale-able software systems because objects are highly reusable
PPD VS FP VS OOP?
PPD-FOCUS on operations rather than data.
Is reusable, modular and ideal for general purpose.
WHILE
FP-Functions are data, hence they can be declared and called in any context that a piece of data appear. has two categories impure and pure.
WHILE
OOP-maintains idea that everything can be modeled in objects.it is ideal for scale-able software systems because objects are highly reusable
Compiler?
compiler converts the whole high level language program to machine language at a time
A compiler is a software that converts programs written in a high level language into machine language
Interpreter?
converts high level language program to machine language line by line
An interpreter is a software that translates a high level language program into machine language
Assembler?
assembler converts assembly language program to machine language.
an assembler is a software that converts programs written in assembly language into machine language.
BASIC DATA TYPES????
1.integer
2.floating point
3.character
4.string
5.Boolean
6.Enumerated type
7.Array
8.Date
9.Time
10.Date and Time
11.Time Stamp
12.literal value
13.variable
VARIABLE???
Changes value
Constant???
Retains same value throughout program
Literal??
value Expressed as itself eg.
“hello Word”
Real/Float/Double?
for numbers with fractions thus decimal points.