Unit 1 Test Flashcards

Question

Gall-Peters Map

Answer 1

An equal-area map projection that accurately represents the relative sizes of land masses but distorts their shapes. Shows true direction. Explained by gall in 1855, but written about by Gall in 1885. Peter’s popularized it in 1970’s. ## Footnote Example: The Gall-Peters Map shows Africa much larger than on a Mercator Map.

Answer 2

Flattened disk-shaped portions of Earth’s surface shown from a specific point. Preserves direction, but distorts shape. Foot for Arctic and Antarctic. Only shows half of earth. Maybe 11th century ## Footnote Example: An azimuthal map centered on the North Pole shows accurate distances and directions from the pole.

Answer 3

Has curved lines of longitude and straight lines of latitude. True directions are only along parallels and the central meridian. Pole distortion is extreme. ## Footnote Example: The Robinson Map is often used for thematic maps due to its general accuracy.

Answer 4

A systematic process of collecting and recording data aboutan official count of the number of people in a defined area. Can apply to housing, education, race, agriculture, etc… ## Footnote Example: The census revealed an increase in the city's population over the past decade.

Answer 5

Data that can be measured and expressed numerically. Can be graphed. ## Footnote Example: The average temperature recorded in July is an example of quantitative data.

Answer 6

Descriptive data that cannot be measured numerically, often based on observations and opinions, and therefore must be interpreted. Field observations like media reports, travel narratives, policy documents, personal interviews, landscape, and analysis and visuals. ## Footnote Example: The feedback from customers about a product is considered qualitative data.

Answer 7

Geographic Information System, a system designed to capture, store, organize, and display geographic data. Creates maps by organizing layers. Types of data are stored in layers that have a specific theme.

Answer 8

Global Positioning System, a satellite-based network of at least 31 satellites in the US system that transmit data to handheld receivers. The time for a signal to reach a receiver is used to calculate distance. Use to find distance between two locations. Pilots of planes and ships use. GPS can determine speed..

Answer 9

A map that uses lines to connect points of equal value, such as temperature or elevation. Closer lines represent areas of quickly changing values. ## Footnote Example: An isoline map showing areas of equal rainfall across a region.

Answer 10

A map that uses symbols of different sizes to represent quantitative data. ## Footnote Example: A graduated symbols map showing population density in cities.

Answer 11

A map in which the size of each area is proportional to the variable being represented, rather than geographic size. ## Footnote Example: A cartogram showing countries resized based on their carbon emissions.

Answer 12

A map that uses dots to represent the presence of a feature or phenomenon in a specific location. Reveals density and distribution like crime, accidents or births. Each dot represents a consistent number of objects. ## Footnote Example: A dot map showing the location of Starbucks stores in a city.

Answer 13

A process that involves local communities in mapping their own environment, often to represent their knowledge and perspectives. Includes non-scholars in research and city planning. Quantitative and qualitative data.. ## Footnote Example: Participatory mapping can help communities identify important resources in their area.

Answer 14

Studied tree, planting and canopies in Portland. Wants to see how resident experiences and values are related to trees in urban greenery. Then sees how their values inform tree related policy (equity). Checks how their experiences with trees relates to demographics. Goes to extremes to see how demographics relate to trees and reaches out to organizations to collect data. Ask people to put where they want more trees in your neighborhood.

Answer 15

Identified urban heat islands, then researched how they have less trees in those neighborhoods. Tried to implement safety solutions to prevent danger during heat waves.

Answer 16

An urban area that is significantly warmer than its surrounding rural areas due to human activities and infrastructure. Main causes include lack of trees, lack of breeze and concrete/roads/building materials. ## Footnote Example: The urban heat island effect causes cities to experience higher temperatures than nearby rural areas.

Answer 17

A tax passed in 2018 on the largest retailers in Portland that has raised about $115 million. Used for renewable energy affordable housing planting 25,000 trees in heat vulnerable neighborhoods thousands of trees in the jade district. $50 million to make schools more resilient helpful to leverage for federal funding

Answer 18

Talking about the present. Critical refers to the unequal power relationships that determine who has access to resources. This relates to how the resources are geographically represented as in lower income neighborhoods have fewer trees meaning they are hotter. The critical is the why, the resource is the what, Geography as how. Kate Gregory and analyzes how urban heat is have less trees by using participatory mapping and GIS, then uses that to influence where the city should plant trees to reduce the inequity. Vivek Shandas analyzes how heat waves equally affect certain groups and their safety by measuring heat in specific areas and creating a map. Works to implement ways to prevent heat.

Answer 19

Uses Color to show data