Unit 1 Test

Question 1

Plato

Answer 1

Believed that laws must be universal to be moral.

Question 2

Thomas Hobbes

Answer 2

Believed that humans are corrupt and without laws, we would live in constant conflict.

Question 3

Aristotle

Answer 3

Believed justice could be discovered in a scientific manner.

Question 4

St. Thomas Aquinas

Answer 4

Looked to the divine and the church for laws.

Question 5

Henry David Thoreau

Answer 5

Wrote the influential essay titled Civil Disobedience.

Question 6

Jeremy Bentham

Answer 6

Believed laws should be useful to the majority of society members.

Question 7

Audre Lorde

Answer 7

Famous for the quote, “The master’s tools will never dismantle the master’s house.”

Question 8

Cicero

Answer 8

Stated, “The good of the people is the chief law.”

Question 9

Natural Law / Key philosophers

Answer 9

Law and morality are inseparable. / Plato, St. Thomas Aquinas.

Question 10

Legal Realism

Answer 10

Laws contain the biases of lawmakers and judges; values are not universal.

Question 11

Social Contract / Philosopher

Answer 11

People give up some freedoms in exchange for protection, forming the basis of cooperation in society. / Thomas Hobbes

Question 12

Critical Legal Theory

Answer 12

The idea that “the master’s tools will never dismantle the master’s house.” It challenges the status quo of law. ( -Audre Lord)

Question 13

Positive Law / Key Philosopher

Answer 13

Laws should be useful to society and enacted by government authorities. / Jeremy Bentham

Question 14

Legal Paternalism

Answer 14

The state should interfere in people’s personal lives for their own good.

Question 15

Rationalism / Philosopher

Answer 15

Using logic and observation to govern and make decisions. / Aristotle

Question 16

R v Dudley and Stephens

Answer 16

The crime committed was murder

Question 17

United States v Trump

Answer 17

Guilty of fraud

Question 18

People of California v Turner

Answer 18

Judge and defendant attended same university

Question 19

People v Zimmerman

Answer 19

The ‘stand your ground’ defense used to defeat police brutality cases.

Question 20

ICC v Netanyahu

Answer 20

War crimes in Palestine (attacking civilian pop.)

Question 21

Greensboro Sit-in

Answer 21

Civil rights movement led by Black students to protest segregation in restaurants.

Question 22

Murder

Answer 22

The unlawful killing of another person with intent.

Question 23

Universal

Answer 23

True across time, space, and culture.

Question 24

Civil Disobedience

Answer 24

Refusal to comply with laws to protest perceived injustices.

Question 25

Affluenza

Answer 25

A condition where excessive wealth impairs an individual’s understanding of social realities and consequences.

Question 26

Actus Reus

Answer 26

The physical act of committing a crime

Question 27

Mens Rea

Answer 27

The mental intent or knowledge involved in committing a crime.

Question 28

Jurisdiction

Answer 28

The authority of a court or legal body to hear and make decisions about legal cases.

Question 29

Stare Decisis

Answer 29

The doctrine that courts should follow precedents.

Question 30

Customs

Answer 30

Traditions or practices that are so fundamental to society they become laws.

Question 31

Primary Sources

Answer 31

Religion, philosophies, and historical events that influence law.

Question 32

Secondary Sources

Answer 32

Commentaries, legal textbooks, and articles that interpret and analyze laws.

Question 33

Categories of Law

Answer 33

Includes statute laws, case laws, and constitutional laws.

Question 34

Magna Carta

Answer 34

English document that influenced major legislation and constitutions worldwide.

Question 35

Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms

Answer 35

Guarantees Canadians their fundamental rights.

Question 36

Constitution Act

Answer 36

Became law in Canada in 1982.

Question 37

Jurisprudence

Answer 37

The theory or philosophy of law, examining questions about justice and the impact of laws.

Question 38

Rule of Law

Answer 38

A principle that laws should govern a nation, as opposed to being governed by arbitrary decisions of individual government officials.

Question 39

Common Law

Answer 39

Legal system based on judicial decisions and precedents, originally from England.

Question 40

Bilingual and Bijural

Answer 40

Refers to the use of both English and French, and both common law and civil law in Canada.