UNIT 1- The Chemistry of Life Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in UNIT 1- The Chemistry of Life Deck (14)
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1
Q

What are stimuli?

A
  1. Changes in the environment
2
Q

What are inorganic molecules?

A
  1. Molecules that do not contain chains of carbon

- e.g. Water and mineral salts

3
Q

What are 2 exceptions of inorganic molecules?

A
  1. CO2

2. CO

4
Q

Why is water important?

A
  1. 70% living cells made up of water

2. Essential for life to exist

5
Q

What 5 things is water important for?

A
  1. Water & metabolic reactions
  2. Water & transport
  3. Water & support
  4. Water & temperature control
  5. Water & protection
6
Q

What is leaching?

A
  1. Washing out of minerals from soil
7
Q

What is eutrophication?

A
  1. Process by which mineral nutrients accumulate in a freshwater body.
8
Q

What are the basic functions of life?

A
  1. Movement
  2. Respiration
  3. Sensitivity
  4. Growth
  5. Reproduction
  6. Excretion
  7. Nutrition
  8. Death
9
Q

Elements of protein

A

C H O N P Fe S

10
Q

Monomer of protein

A

Amino acids

E.g. Glycine , alanine

11
Q

Function of proteins

A
  1. Reserve energy source (after carbohydrates and lipids)
  2. Form antibodies
  3. Form hormones
  4. Make up 50% dry mass of cells
12
Q

Structures and types of proteins

A

• 20 different kinds of amino acids
1. Dipeptide- 2 amino acids joined by a peptide bond
2. Tripeptide- 3 amino acids joined by a peptide bond
3. Polypeptide- short chain of amino acids
4. Protein molecule - chain of peptides
•amino acids linked by condensation reaction- release of water
• proteins broken down into amino acids through hydrolysis
• sensitive to extreme temps, pH levels

13
Q

Million’s reagent test

A
  1. Place equal quantity of substance being tested with water into test tube.
  2. Add 1 ml of million’s reagent to test tube (be careful= poisonous)
  3. Heat test tube in a water bath containing boiling water
  4. Note the colour changes of the contents in the test tube
14
Q

Biuret test

A
  1. Pour dilute NaOH (10ml) into test tube
  2. Add two drops of CuSO4 to solution
  3. Add substance being tested to test tube