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Ap Human Geography > Unit 1: Thinking geographically > Flashcards

Unit 1: Thinking geographically Flashcards

(58 cards)

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1
Q

What are Maps?

A

A two dimensional model of the earths surface, or a portion of it

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2
Q

What are the two purposes of maps

A

a. Reference tools
b. Communication tools

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3
Q

Cartography

A

The science of mapmaking

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4
Q

Remote sensing

A

Capturing images of the earths surface from airborne platforms

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5
Q

Global Positioning System (GPS)

A

Satellite navigation system

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6
Q

Geographic Information System (GIS)

A

Computer system that captures, stores, analyzes, and displays geographic data

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7
Q

Layers

A

Types of information displayed in a map

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8
Q

Mashups

A

Practice of combining layers on a map

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9
Q

Qualitive Data

A

Data associated with a humanistic approach to geography

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10
Q

Quantitative Data

A

Data associated with mathematical models and statistical techniques

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11
Q

Latitude

A

Distance north/south of the equator

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12
Q

Longitude

A

Distance east/west of the prime meridian

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13
Q

Map Key/Legend

A

Inset on a map explaining what the symbols used represent and the scale of the map

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14
Q

Map scale

A

Ratio between the size of things in the real world at the size of things on the map

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15
Q

Toponym

A

Name given to a place on earth

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16
Q

Relative Location

A

Description of where something is in relation to other things

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17
Q

Absolute Location

A

Precise place where something is found using coordinates

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18
Q

Relative Distance

A

Distance between two points, measured using metrics like time, effort, or cost

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19
Q

Absolute Distance

A

Distance between two points communicated using precise quantitative units of measurement

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20
Q

Relative Direction

A

Direction based on a persons surroundings and perception

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21
Q

Absolute Direction

A

Direction according to a compass

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22
Q

Density

A

how often or how much something occurs within a space

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23
Q

Distribution

A

Where something occurs within a space

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24
Q

Clustered

Study These Flashcards
A

High level of density, low level of distribution

25
Disperesed
Low level of density due to high level of distribution
26
Distance Decay
Theory that the interaction between two places decease as the distance between them increases
27
Time-Space Compression
Reduction in the time it takes to diffuse something to a distant place
28
Reference maps
Designed for people to refer to for general information about places
29
Thematic maps
Show spatial aspects of information
30
What maps are thematic maps?
Choropleth, dot distribution, graduated symbol, isoline, cartograms
31
Political Map (reference map)
Show human-created boundaries and designations such as countries, states, cities, and capitals
32
physical Maps(Reference map)
Show natural features
33
Road Maps(reference map)
Show highways, streets, and alleys
34
plot maps(reference map)
Show property lines and detail of land owndership
35
Choropleth Maps
Use colors or shades to show the location and distribution of spatial data
36
Dot Distribution Maps
Shows specific location and distribution of something with each dot representing a specific quantity
37
Graduated Symbol Maps
Uses symbols of different sizes to indicate different amounts of something
38
Isoline maps
Use lines to connect points of equal value to depict variations in data. Distance between lines indicates change
39
Topographic Maps
A type of isoline map showing points of elevation
40
Cartogram Map
Maps where the sizes of places are shown according to some specific statistic
41
What is a map projection?
Process of depicting a curved globe on a flat surface
42
What's the purpose of a Mercator map?
Navigation
42
What are the strengths and distortions of a Mercator map?
Strengths: Direction and shape accuracy near the equator Distortion: Size of land masses
43
What's the purpose of a peters Map?
Illustrating spatial distribution
44
What are the strengths and distortions of a peters map?
Strengths: Size of land masses are accurate Distortions: Shape of land masses are inaccurate
45
What's the purpose of a Conic map?
Regional mapping
46
What are the strengths and distortions of a Conic map?
Strengths: Size and shape are close to reality Distortions: Longitude lines converge at only one pole
47
What's the purpose of a Robinson Map?
General Use
48
What are the strengths and distortions of a Robinson Map?
Strengths: No glaring distortion, oval shape appears more like a globe Weaknesses: Area, shape, size, direction all are slightly distorted
49
What is Regionalization?
Process geographers use to divide and categorize space into smaller units
50
What is a region?
An area defined by one or more common and distinctive traits, characteristics, or features that make it different from surrounding areas
51
Formal region(Uniform)
Region defined by one or more shared characteristics
52
Functional(Nodal)
Region organized around a node/focal point
53
Hinterland "country behind"
Term that applies to the surrounding area served by an urban center. The center is focused on goods and services the hinterland produces
54
Perceptual(Vernacular)
Area that people believe exists as part of their cultural identity
55
Mental maps
Maps that people create in their own minds based on their own experience and knowledge
56
Site
Physical characteristics of a place
57
Situation
Location of a place relative to another place and it's connectivity.

Ap Human Geography (6 decks)

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