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Visual Communication > Unit 1 Tutorials: Examine Basic Visual Design Concepts > Flashcards

Unit 1 Tutorials: Examine Basic Visual Design Concepts Flashcards

1
Q

What Is Visual Communication?

A

Visual communication is a process by which an image conveys some sort of idea or message to an audience
in order to inform, sell, persuade, educate, or entertain.

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2
Q

Perceptual Communications Model

A

A visual communications theory which focus on the viewer’s personal interpretation and prior experience.

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3
Q

Sensory Communications Model

A

A visual communications theory which focuses strictly on the data that enters the brain.

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4
Q

What is Transmission Model?

A

A model adopted by many communications disciplines that states that a sender transmits a message to a receiver.

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5
Q

What is Source?

A

A person who desires to communicate.

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6
Q

What is Channel?

A

A transmission medium or means.

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7
Q

What is noise?

A

In the transmission model of visual communications, anything that interferes with the communication process.

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8
Q

What is Semiotics?

A

The study of how signs and symbols make meaning.

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9
Q

What is Charles Sanders Peirce?

A

American philosopher and developer of the formal theory of semiotics; developed a precise system for describing signs, including the terms symbol, icon, and index.

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10
Q

What is Roland Barthes?

A

French literary critic who extended early semiotic theory to mass media and popular culture; considered the founder of contemporary semiotics.

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11
Q

What is sign?

A

Something that stands for something other than itself.

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12
Q

What is Symbol?

A

A sign which has no logical connection to what it signifies; the viewer must learn the connection between the sign and its meaning.

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13
Q

What is Index?

A

A sign that can be understood because it is logically linked to or affected by what it stands for.

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14
Q

What is Icon

A

A sign that physically resembles what it signifies.

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15
Q

What is Cognitive Theory?

A

A theory which states that a viewer actively arrives at a conclusion through a series of many mental processes.

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16
Q

What is memory?

A

Images are interpreted by the viewer’s recall of all images ever seen.

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17
Q

What is Projection?

A

The viewer projects meaning based on mental state and personal interpretation.

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18
Q

What is Expectation?

A

The viewer has preconceived notions sometimes leading to false perceptions.

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19
Q

What is Selectivity?

A

The viewer filters out irrelevant details, and only focuses on what is relevant at the time.

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20
Q

What is Habituation?

A

The viewer ignores the familiar to protect from overstimulation.

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21
Q

What is Salience?

A

The viewer gives notice to that which has meaning to them.

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22
Q

What is the Gestalt Principles?

A

Principles that were first proposed by German psychologists, and are based on the idea that the whole is greater than the sum of its parts.

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23
Q

Who is Max Wertheimer?

A

Czech psychologist and one of the founders of gestalt psychology.

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24
Q

What is the Law of Proximity?

A

Elements that are close to one another appear to form groups, even if they have different characteristics

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25
Q

What is the Law of Similarity?

A

Elements that share characteristics tend to be perceived as a group.

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26
Q

What is the Law of Closure?

A

Elements tend to be perceived as a complete whole if they are aligned, even if some information is missing.

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27
Q

What is the Law of Continuity?

A

The eye will naturally follow the smoothest path.

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28
Q

What is the Law if Common Fate?

A

Elements that move in the same direction will tend to be perceived as a group.

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29
Q

Who is Sergei Eisenstein?

A

Russian film director who pioneered the use of montage in film in the 1920s.

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30
Q

What is the Soviet Montage?

A

An approach to filmmaking which uses quick film editing and the juxtaposition of unrelated and sometimes conflicting images in rapid succession to impart meaning.

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31
Q

What is the Kuleshov Effect?

A

A film technique named after Russian psychologist Lev Kuleshov, who discovered that viewing a picture followed by another picture induces a thought.

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32
Q

A plus B equals C

A

Equation used to label images and define montage theory.

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33
Q

What is an Intellectual Montage?

A

A system of editing that uses the dynamics of colliding images to create a new abstract image or idea not necessarily related to the previous two images.

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34
Q

Who is Alfred Hitchcock?

A

English film director noted for his suspenseful movies; Hitchcock often used montage to intensify the suspense and horror in his work.

35
Q

What is Constructivism?

A

A sensory-based theory based on the idea that eye movements capture a visual outline, and then the mind “constructs” understanding.

36
Q

Explain the Huxley/Lester Model?

A

Theory based on the work of Aldous Huxley and Paul Lester which stresses the importance of sensing, selecting, and perceiving.

37
Q

Who is Aldo’s Huxley?

A

Writer and experimental scientist whose credo was “The more you see, the more you know.”

38
Q

Who is Paul Lester?

A

Photographer and visual communications theorist whose theories stress the value of studying the full gamut of media and media production techniques.

39
Q

Explain Omniphasism

A

A relatively new theory which attempts to combine the best thinking from previous theories; means “all in balance,” referring to its focus on the use of all abilities of the mind.

40
Q

What is Retina?

A

A thin, transparent tissue at the back of the eye that contains light-sensitive receptors called rods and cones.

41
Q

What are Rods?

A

The long, thin light-sensitive parts of the retina that process night vision.

42
Q

What are Cones?

A

The light-sensitive parts of the retina that process color and day vision.

43
Q

What are Cones?

A

The light-sensitive parts of the retina that process color and day vision.

44
Q

What are Optics Nerves?

A

Tissue that connects the retina to the visual cortex in the back of the brain.

45
Q

Explain Visual Cortex

A

The part of the brain which processes visual information from the retina, communicated via a network of nerve cells.

46
Q

Explain Wavelength

A

The measure of the distance from two consecutive wave crests or troughs, commonly measured in nanometers.

47
Q

What is Electromagnetic Radiation?

A

Another name for light; the human eye is only sensitive to a portion of it, known as visible light.

48
Q

What is Frequency?

A

The number of waves passing a certain point per second, measured in hertz.

49
Q

What are elements?

A

The basic building components that construct one’s visual design; tools to help the designer convey his or her idea.

50
Q

Explain the Dot

A

A complex made of size and shape that anchors itself to any space.

51
Q

explain Cluster

A

A number of dots or elements that are close in proximity.

52
Q

Explain Tension

A

A strained relationship between elements.

53
Q

What is Line?

A

A dynamic form defined by its length and direction.

54
Q

What is Direction?

A

The specific movement towards a point or destination.

55
Q

What is Dynamics?

A

Energy with an effective action.

56
Q

Explain Movement

A

The action of a line.

57
Q

Line Weight

A

The thickness of a line.

58
Q

What is Implied Line?

A

An invisible line created by the shape and/or form’s relationship to space.

59
Q

What is a Form?

A

A three-dimensional object that can be constructed by two or more shapes.

60
Q

What is Depth?

A

The third dimension that differentiates form from shape.

61
Q

What is Three-Dimensional?

A

Having three coordinates: width, height, and depth.

62
Q

What is Volume?

A

The amount of three-dimensional space a form occupies.

63
Q

What is Geometric Form?

A

Form defined by its allegiance to mathematical construction.

64
Q

What is Organic Form?

A

Form defined by its simulation of natural substance.

65
Q

What is Shape?

A

A two-dimensional plane with a clear, identifiable boundary.

66
Q

What is Two-Dimensional?

A

Having two coordinates: width and height.

67
Q

What is Plane?

A

An area within a two-dimensional surface that extends to a specific direction or position; a particular kind of shape.

68
Q

What is Shape Variation?

A

The diverse range of contours that can be implemented on the boundary of a shape, such as angular, curvy, and straight.

69
Q

What is Rectilinear?

A

A shape that is characterized by straight lines.

70
Q

What is Curvilinear?

A

A shape that is characterized by curvy lines for boundaries.

71
Q

What is Space?

A

The surrounding of form and any other positive elements.

72
Q

What is Figure/Ground?

A

Consists of two layers: form in the foreground, and space in the background; allows the viewer to see perceived depth.

73
Q

What is Texture?

A

Surface activity that repeats at regular intervals using shape, line, or dot elements.

74
Q

What is Surface?

A

The exterior of form.

75
Q

What is Pattern?

A

The forming of a consistent arrangement of exact or similar elements.

76
Q

What is Value?

A

Another term for lightness or darkness.

77
Q

What is Light?

A

The illumination aspect of form.

78
Q

What is Dark?

A

The absence of light that provides weight to form.

79
Q

What is Gradient?

A

The range between light and dark as it pertains to value.

80
Q

What is Chiaroscuro?

A

The subtle use of gradation to create dramatic value.

81
Q

What is Color Spectrum?

A

The seven hues of visible light: red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, and violet. These hues are arranged on the spectrum by wavelength.

82
Q

What is Hue?

A

The name of a color.

83
Q

What is Saturation?

A

Another term for the intensity of a color, usually refers to the purity or vividness of a color.

Visual Communication (1 decks)

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