Unit 1 - Unit 5

Question 1

Binary

Answer 1

A way of representing information using only two options.

Question 2

Bit

Answer 2

A contraction of “Binary Digit”; the single unit of information in a computer, typically represented as a 0 or 1

Question 3

Byte

Answer 3

8 bits

Question 4

Overflow Error

Answer 4

Error from attempting to represent a number that is too large.

Question 5

Round-off Error

Answer 5

Error from attempting to represent a number that is too precise. The value is rounded.

Question 6

Analog Data

Answer 6

Data with values that change continuously, or smoothly, over time. Some examples of analog data include music, colors of a painting, or position of a sprinter during a race.

Question 7

Digital Data

Answer 7

Data that changes discretely through a finite set of possible values

Question 8

Sampling

Answer 8

A process for creating a digital representation of analog data by measuring the analog data at regular intervals called samples.

Question 9

Lossless Compression

Answer 9

A process for reducing the number of bits needed to represent something without losing any information. This process is reversible.

Question 10

Lossy Compression

Answer 10

A process for reducing the number of bits needed to represent something in which some information is lost or thrown away. This process is not reversible.

Question 11

Intellectual Property

Answer 11

A work or invention that is the result of creativity, such as a piece of writing or a design, to which one has rights and for which one may apply for a patent, copyright, trademark, etc.

Question 12

Creative Commons

Answer 12

A collection of public copyright licenses that enable the free distribution of an otherwise copyrighted work, used when an author wants to give people the right to share, use, and build upon a work that they have created

Question 13

Computing Device

Answer 13

a machine that can run a program, including computers, tablets, servers, routers, and smart sensors

Question 14

Computing System

Answer 14

a group of computing devices and programs working together for a common purpose

Question 15

Computing Network

Answer 15

group of interconnected computing devices capable of sending or receiving data.

Question 16

Path

Answer 16

the series of connections between computing devices on a network starting with a sender and ending with a receiver.

Question 17

Bandwidth

Answer 17

the maximum amount of data that can be sent in a fixed amount of time, usually measured in bits per second.

Question 18

Protocol

Answer 18

An agreed-upon set of rules that specify the behavior of some system

Question 19

IP Address

Answer 19

The unique number assigned to each device on the Internet.

Question 20

Internet Protocol (IP)

Answer 20

a protocol for sending data across the Internet that assigns unique numbers (IP addresses) to each connected device

Question 21

Router

Answer 21

A type of computer that forwards data across a network

Question 22

Packet

Answer 22

A chunk of data sent over a network. Larger messages are divided into packets that may arrive at the destination in order, out-of-order, or not at all.

Question 23

Redundancy

Answer 23

the inclusion of extra components so that a system can continue to work even if individual components fail, for example by having more than one path between any two connected devices in a network.

Question 24

Fault Tolerant

Answer 24

Can continue to function even in the event of individual component failures. This is important because elements of complex systems like a computer network fail at unexpected times, often in groups.

Question 25

HTTP

Answer 25

HyperText Transfer Protocol - the protocol used for transmitting web pages over the Internet

Question 26

Internet

Answer 26

a computer network consisting of interconnected networks that use standardized, open (nonproprietary) communication protocols.

Question 27

World Wide Web

Answer 27

a system of linked pages, programs, and files.

Question 28

Digital Divide

Answer 28

differing access to computing devices and the Internet, based on socioeconomic, geographic, or demographic characteristics