Unit 1 Vocab

Question 1

What does radical mean?

Answer 1

Radial: Change or brand new, such as new political electives, new legislation, everything from scratch. Often regrets political or economic traditions of the past.

Question 2

What does reactionary mean?

Answer 2

Reactionary: change, idealizes the things of the past and accepts economic inequality.

Question 3

What does Liberalism mean?

Answer 3

An society based on freedom.

Question 4

What does collectivism mean?

Answer 4

Collectivism: individuals or people working together to achieve a common goal or “common good”.

Question 5

What does individualism mean?

Answer 5

Individualism: An habit of being independent and self-reliant; characterized by pursuit of one’s own goals.

Question 6

What does the acronym P.R.I.N.C.ES stand for?

Answer 6

P.ublic Property
R. responsibilities
I. nterest in common
N. orms that are shared
C. o-operation
E. conomic equality
S. tability or security

Question 7

What does P.R.I.C.E acronym stand for?

Answer 7

P. rivate property
R. ule of Law
I. ndividual rights
C. ompetition
E. conomic freedom
S. Self interest

Question 8

What are the characteristics of ideologies?

Answer 8

Nature of human beings
Structure of society
Interpretations of history
Visions of the future

Question 9

What does ideology mean?

Answer 9

An organized collection of ideals that form a comprehensive belief system or worldview.

Question 10

Who is the father of capitalism?

Answer 10

Adam Smith

Question 11

Who is the figurative father of Liberalism?

Answer 11

John Locke

Question 12

What ideology is Liberalism based on?

Answer 12

Individualistic ideology

Question 13

On the political/economic spectrum where would collectivism be?

Answer 13

On the left

Question 14

On the political/economic spectrum where would individualism be?

Answer 14

On the right

Question 15

Competition would be based on what ideology?

Answer 15

Individualism

Question 16

“Common good” would be based on what ideology?

Answer 16

Collectivism

Question 17

Cooperation would be based on that ideology?

Answer 17

Collectivism

Question 18

Personal autonomy would be based on what ideology?

Answer 18

Individualism

Question 19

Self-reliance would be based on what ideology?

Answer 19

Individualism

Question 20

What does the acronym P.E.A C.C.C stand for?

Answer 20

P. Public property
E. Economic equality
A. adherence to collective norms

C. Co-operation
C. Collective interest
C. Collective responsibility

Question 21

Where would Liberalism be on the political/economic spectrum?

Answer 21

On the right

Question 22

What is the economic/political spectrum measure?

Answer 22

The extent of government intervention in an society to provide an effective stable economy.

Question 23

What to do individuals on the left side of the spectrum advocate?

Answer 23

Left wing ideologies often prioritize equality, social justice, and assistance marginalized or disadvantaged groups. In Favour of government intervention, provide social services,(Collective approach to society as everyone helps - common good)

Question 24

What do individuals on the right side of the spectrum advocate?

Answer 24

Less government intervention, individual interest, free markets, lower taxes, Laissez-faire, competition, free enterprise, private ownership

Question 25

What does private property mean?

Answer 25

Material possessions including land, that are owned by an individual or group.

Question 26

What does rule of law mean?

Answer 26

Everyone is subjected to the law, no one’s above it.

Question 27

What does individual rights and freedoms mean?

Answer 27

Every one is privileged to an right and freedoms(The charter)

Question 28

What does competition mean?

Answer 28

An incentive for individuals and groups to work harder and efficiently.

Question 29

What does economic freedom mean?

Answer 29

People have the freedom to buy,sell,distribute things as much as they want, etc( individuals can act freely as consumers/producers in a economic system

Question 30

What does self-interest mean?

Answer 30

Seeking to satisfy one’s own needs

Question 31

Define the “Common good”?

Answer 31

The "common good" refers to the overall well-being and interests of the general public or society as a whole.

Question 32

Which philosopher was responsible for creating the “Social contract”?

Answer 32

Thomas Hobbes

Question 33

Which philosopher was responsible for creating the book, “Leviathan”?

Answer 33

Thomas Hobbes

Question 34

Who believed human beings are naturally selfish and greedy, and need government to maintain order?

Answer 34

Thomas Hobbes

Question 35

What’s another word for “thinkers”?

Answer 35

Humanist

Question 36

Which philosopher was in favour of an absolute monarchy?

Answer 36

Thomas Hobbes - he believed that an absolute monarchy was justified because they can maintain order in society.

Question 37

Which philosopher believed in a representative government?

Answer 37

John Locke - believed that people should have the right to choose the government that best represents them and their rights and freedoms

Question 38

Which philosopher believed that they had to sacrifice their rights for their guaranteed security?

Answer 38

Thomas Hobbes

Question 39

Which philosopher believed that people were born as a blank slate, and they learn everything about right and wrong?

Answer 39

John Locke - more sympathetic towards the human race believed that everyone’s rights must be respected,

Question 40

Which philosopher believed that political authority should come from the people?

Answer 40

John Locke

Question 41

Who made this statement “Government has no other end but the preservation of property.”?

Answer 41

John Locke - believing that the government only responsibility was to ensure those individuals rights if they abuse their authority, they loose the right to rule.

Question 42

Who wrote the essay concerning Human understanding?

Answer 42

John Locke

Question 43

Which philosopher was a big advocate of women’s rights and ending salvery?

Answer 43

John Stuart Mill - representative government

Question 44

Who wrote the book “On Liberty”?

Answer 44

John Stuart Mill

Question 45

Who believed that every human being has the right to act as he or she pleases so long as the actions do not harm others (the harm principle)?

Answer 45

John Stuart Mill

Question 46

Who created the invisible hand theory?

Answer 46

Adam smith

Question 47

Which philosopher believed that human beings were greedy and only want e money to benefit themselves?

Answer 47

Adam smith

Question 48

Who created the book “Wealth of Nations”?

Answer 48

Adam Smith - outlined modern day economics and philosophy on human nature

Question 49

Which economic system did Adam Smith believe best fit with universal natural laws?

Answer 49

Free market capitalism

Question 50

Who was the philosopher they started saying the name of the Social contract theory?

Answer 50

Jean jaccques Rousseau

Question 51

What is the name of Adam Smith's most important book, in which he outlined many modern economic theories?

Answer 51

The wealth of nations

Question 52

What does free market mean?

Answer 52

An economy that operates without the intervention of the government. Relies on the choices of the people to make ration decisions based on their own self interest.

Question 53

What was John Stuart mill view towards human nature?

Answer 53

Big advocate for human making decision on their own. Believe of individual rights and freedoms.

Question 54

What does the term “laissez-faire mean?

Answer 54

Leave people alone to do as they please

Question 55

Who was the first philosopher to come up with a definition for free market economy?

Answer 55

Adam smith

Question 56

Who insisted that individual self-interest in a free-market would lead to a stronger economy and would there benefit people in society?

Answer 56

Adam smith

Question 57

Which philosopher advocated the governments role should be limited to maintain rule of law?

Answer 57

Adam smith

Question 58

Which philosopher believe that humanity is naturally free and equal in principle: “Man is born; and everyone he is in chains?

Answer 58

Jean Jacques Rousseau

Question 59

What was Jean Jacques Rousseau view towards government intervention?

Answer 59

He felt citizens should make laws directly. Rousseau believed that if this were achieved, people could enjoy a level of freedom.

Question 60

Where does the concept of "left" and "right" political ideologies originate?

Answer 60

The seating arrangements in France's National Assembly during the French Revolution.

Question 61

Which of the following economic systems employ a significant combination of concepts from both collectivist and individualist ideologies?

Answer 61

Mixed economy - Only the mixed economy would employ a significant amount of both collectivist and individualist concepts. The market, lasses-faire and welfare state economy would emphasize concepts from collectivism or individualism.

Question 62

Which of the following political systems is least likely to place value on the rule of law?

Answer 62

Anarchy