Unit 1 vocab

Question 1

Anything that takes up space and
has mass

Answer 1

Matter

Question 2

Any substance that cannot be broken down to any other substance by chemical reactions

Answer 2

Element

Question 3

A substance consisting of two or
more different elements combined in a fixed ratio

Answer 3

Compound

Question 4

The smallest unit of matter that retains the properties of an element.

Answer 4

Atom

Question 4

A subatomic particle having no electrical charge (electrically neutral), with a mass of about 1.7 * 10 - 24g, found in the nucleus of an atom.

Answer 4

Neutron

Question 5

A subatomic particle with a
single positive electrical charge, with a mass of about 1.7 * 10 - 24g, found in the nucleus of an atom.

Answer 5

Proton

Question 6

A subatomic particle with a single
negative electrical charge and a mass about 1/2,000 that of a neutron or proton. One or
more electrons move around the nucleus of an atom.

Answer 6

Electron

Question 7

The number of protons in the
nucleus of an atom, unique for each element and designated by a subscript.

Answer 7

Atomic number

Question 8

The total mass of an atom, numerically equivalent to the mass in grams of 1 mole of the atom. (For an element with more than one isotope, the atomic mass is the average mass of the naturally occurring isotopes, weighted by their abundance.)

Answer 8

Atomic mass

Question 9

One of several atomic forms
of an element, each with the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons, thus differing in atomic mass.

Answer 9

Isotope

Question 10

The capacity to cause change, especially to do work (to move matter against an opposing force).

Answer 10

Energy

Question 11

The energy that matter
possesses as a result of its location or spatial arrangement (structure).

Answer 11

Potential energy

Question 12

An energy level of electrons at
a characteristic average distance from the nucleus of an atom.

Answer 12

Electron shell

Question 13

An electron in the outermost
electron shell.

Answer 13

Valence electron

Question 14

the outermost energy shell of
an atom, containing the valence electrons involved in the chemical reactions of that atom.

Answer 14

Valence shell

Question 15

A type of strong
chemical bond in which two atoms share one or more pairs of valence electrons.

Answer 15

Covalent bond

Question 16

A type of weak chemical bond
that is formed when the slightly positive hydrogen atom of a polar covalent bond in one molecule is attracted to the slightly negative atom of a polar covalent bond in another molecule or in another region of the same molecule

Answer 16

Hydrogen bond

Question 17

Two or more atoms held together by
covalent bonds.

Answer 17

Molecule

Question 18

A type of molecular notation representing the quantity of constituent atoms, but not the nature of the bonds that join them

Answer 18

Molecular formula

Question 19

The attraction of a given
atom for the electrons of a covalent bond.

Answer 19

Electronegativity

Question 20

A negatively charged ion

Answer 20

Anion

Question 21

A positively charged ion

Answer 21

Cation

Question 22

A starting material in a chemical
reaction.

Answer 22

Reactant

Question 23

A material resulting from a chemical
reaction.

Answer 23

Product

Question 24

In a chemical reaction, the state in which the rate of the forward reaction equals the rate of the reverse reaction, so that the relative concentrations of the reactants and products do not change with time

Answer 24

Chemical equilibrium