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EOC Bio Test Prep > Unit 1 Vocabulary - AP Human > Flashcards

Unit 1 Vocabulary - AP Human Flashcards

1
Q

A collection, or the gathering of things together

A

Aggregation

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2
Q

The ratio of the number of farmers to the total amount of land suitable for agriculture

A

Agricultural Density

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3
Q

The total number of people divided by the total land

area

A

Arithmetic Density

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4
Q

An east-west line designated under the Land Ordinance of 1785 to facilitate the surveying and numbering of townships in the U.S.

A

Base Line

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5
Q

The science of making maps

A

Cartography

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6
Q

A map that uses differences in shading, coloring, or the placing of symbols within predefined areas to indicate the average values of a property or quantity in those areas

A

Choropleth Map

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7
Q

The spread of something over a given area

A

Concentration

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8
Q

Relationships among people and objects across the barrier of space

A

Connections

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9
Q

The rapid, widespread diffusion of a feature or trend throughout a population

A

Contagious Diffusion

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10
Q

A type of geographic approach that emphasizes human-environment relationships

A

Cultural Ecology

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11
Q

Fashioning of a natural landscape by a cultural group

A

Cultural Landscape

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12
Q

The body of customary beliefs, social forms, and material traits that together constitute a group of people’s distinct tradition

A

Culture

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13
Q

The frequency with which something exists within a given unit of area

A

Density

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14
Q

The process of spread of a feature or trend from one place to another over time

A

Diffusion

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15
Q

The diminishing in importance and eventual disappearance of a phenomenon with increasing distance from its origin

A

Distance Decay

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16
Q

The arrangement of something across Earth’s surface

A

Distribution

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17
Q

A map type that uses a dot symbol to show the presence of a feature or phenomenon. Dot maps rely on a visual scatter to show spatial pattern.

A

Dot Map

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18
Q

A nineteenth and early twentieth-century approach to the study of geography that argued that the general laws sought by human geographers could be found in the physical sciences. Geography was therefore the study of how the physical environment caused human activities.

A

Environmental Determinism

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19
Q

The spread of a feature or trend among people from one area to another in a snowballing process

A

Expansion Diffusion

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20
Q

(Uniform or Homogeneous) An area in which everyone shares in one or more distinctive characteristics

A

Formal Region

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21
Q

(Nodal) An area organized around a node or focal point

A

Functional Region

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22
Q

A computer system that stores, organizes, analyzes, and displays geographic data

A

Geographic Information System (GIS)

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23
Q

A system that determines the precise position of something on Earth through a series of satellites, tracking stations, and receivers

A

Global Positioning System (GPS)

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24
Q

Actions or processes that involve the entire world and result in making something worldwide in scope

A

Globalization

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25
Q

The time in that time zone encompassing the prime meridian, or 0 degree longitude

A

Greenwich Mean Time (GMT)

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26
Q

The region from which innovative ideas originate

A

Hearth

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27
Q

The branch of geography dealing with how human activity affects or is influenced by the Earth’s surface

A

Human Geography

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28
Q

The relationships between people and their environment; how people adapt to the environment and how they change it

A

Human-Environmental Interaction

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29
Q

An arc that for the most part follows 180 degree longitude, although it deviates in several places to avoid dividing land areas. When you cross the International Dateline heading east (toward America), the clock moves back 24 hours, or one entire day, When you go west (toward Asia), the calendar moves ahead one day.

A

International Dateline

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30
Q

Uses line symbols to portray a continuous distribution such as temperature or elevation. Isolines are lines that connect points of equal numeric value. One of the best-known types of isoline map is the contour map, which shows elevation above sea level.

A

Isoline Map

31
Q

A law that divided much of the U.S. into a system of townships to facilitate the sale of land to settlers

A

Land Ordinance of 1785

32
Q

The numbering system used to indicate the location of parallels drawn on a globe and measuring distance north and south of the equator (0 degrees)

A

Latitude

33
Q

(Also called the key) is a small table accompanying the map that explains the symbols that are used on the
map

A

Legend

34
Q

The position of anything on Earth’s surface

A

Location

35
Q

The numbering system used to indicate the location of meridians drawn on a globe and measuring distance east and west of the prime meridian (0 degrees)

A

Longitude

36
Q

A 2-D, or flat, representation of Earth’s surface or a portion of it

A

Map

37
Q

Cartographers have to project a 3-D surface onto a 2-D map. There are many different types of projections that have different uses. Some projections preserve compass directions but distort areas (like Mercator projections), while others preserve area but distort distances and compass directions (like Robinson projections).

A

Map Projection

38
Q

The ratio between the distance between two points found on the map as compared to the actual distance between these points in the real world

A

Map Scale

39
Q

An internal representation of a portion of Earth’s surface based on what an individual knows about a place, containing personal impressions of what is in a place and where places are located

A

Mental Map

40
Q

An arc drawn on a map between the North and South poles

A

Meridian

41
Q

Refers to the way people, products, information and ideas move from one place to another

A

Movement

42
Q

A circle drawn around the globe parallel to the equator and at right angles to the meridians

A

Parallel

43
Q

The geometric or regular arrangement of something in a study area

A

Pattern

44
Q

The number of people per unit of area of arable land, which is land suitable for agriculture

A

Physiological Density

45
Q

A specific point on Earth distinguished by a particular character

A

Place

46
Q

Land created by the Dutch by draining water from an area

A

Polder

47
Q

The theory that the physical environment may set limits on human actions, but people have the ability to adjust to the physical environment and choose a course of action from many alternatives

A

Possibilism

48
Q

Data observed or collected directly from first-hand experience

A

Primary Data

49
Q

The meridian, designated at 0 degrees longitude, that passes through the Royal Observatory at Greenwich, England

A

Prime Meridian

50
Q

A north-south line designated in the Land Ordinance of 1785 to facilitate the surveying and numbering of townships in the U.S.

A

Principal Meridian

51
Q

This type of map scales the size of simple symbols (usually a circle or square) proportionally to the data value found at that location

A

Proportional Symbol Map

52
Q

This map shows the location of the geographic areas for which census data are tabulated and disseminated. The maps display the boundaries, names and unique identifiers of standard geographic areas, as well as major cultural and physical features, such as roads, railroads, coastlines, rivers and lakes.

A

Reference Map

53
Q

An area distinguished by a unique combination of trends or features

A

Region

54
Q

(Cultural landscape) An approach to geography that emphasizes the relationships among social and physical phenomena in a particular study area

A

Regional Studies

55
Q

The spread of a feature or trend through bodily movement of people from one place to another

A

Relocation Diffusion

56
Q

The acquisition of data about Earth’s surface from a satellite orbiting the planet or other long-distance methods

A

Remote Sensing

57
Q

A substance in the environment that is useful to people, is economically and technologically feasible to access, and is socially acceptable to use

A

Resource

58
Q

Generally, the relationship between the portion of Earth being studied and Earth as a whole, specifically the relationship between the size of an object on a map and the size of the actual feature on Earth’s surface

A

Scale

59
Q

Published data and the data collected in the past or other parties

A

Secondary Data

60
Q

A square normally one mile on a side. The Land Ordinance of 1785 divided townships in the U.S. into 36 sections.

A

Sections

61
Q

A technique where shapes of retained features are altered to enhance visibility and reduce complexity

A

Simplification

62
Q

The physical character of a place

A

Site

63
Q

The location of a place relative to other places

A

Situation

64
Q

The physical gap or interval between two objects

A

Space

65
Q

The reduction in the time it takes to diffuse something to a distant place, as a result of improved communications and transportation systems

A

Space-Time Compression

66
Q

The data or information that identifies the geographic location of features and boundaries on Earth, such as natural or constructed features, oceans, and more. Spatial data is usually stored as coordinates and topology, and is data that can be mapped. Spatial data is often accessed, manipulated or analyzed through Geographic Information Systems (GIS).

A

Spatial Data

67
Q

The spread of an underlying principle, even though a specific characteristic is rejected

A

Stimulus Diffusion

68
Q

A map that emphasizes a particular theme or special topic such as the average distribution of rainfall in an area

A

Thematic Map

69
Q

The name given to a portion of Earth’s surface

A

Toponym

70
Q

A square normally 6 miles on a side. The Land Ordinance of 1785 divided much of the U.S. into a series of townships.

A

Township

71
Q

A company that conducts research , operates factories, and sells products in many countries, not just where its headquarters or shareholders are located

A

Transnational Corporation

72
Q

The increasing gap in economic conditions between core and peripheral regions as a result of the globalization of the economy

A

Uneven Development

73
Q

(Perceptual) An area that people believe exists as part of their cultural identity

A

Vernacular Region

74
Q

The spread of a feature or trend from one key person or node of authority or power to other persons or places

A

Hierarchical Diffusion

EOC Bio Test Prep (2 decks)

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