Unit 10 (chapter 14 & 15)

Question 1

diploe-dipole force

Answer 1

• only occurs between polar molecules
• 2nd strongest, 2nd most common
• stronger than dispersion forces but still ~1/100 strength of a covalent bond

Question 2

hydrogen bond

Answer 2

• not a bond, an intermolecular force
• strongest intermolecular force and rarest
• the smaller the atoms/molecules, the stronger the bond because the closer they are

Question 3

intermolecular force

Answer 3

“between” its focus is external
weaker than intra
London dispersion, dipole-dipole, hydrogen bonds

Question 4

intramolecular force

Answer 4

“within” its focus is internal
holds together atoms (between atoms)
covalent bonds, needs more force to break

Question 5

london dispersion force

Answer 5

• the weakest, most common of the intermolecular forces
• occurs between ALL molecules, even noble gas atoms
• only force to occur between nonpolar molecules

Question 6

concentrated

Question 7

dilute

Question 8

dilution

Question 9

dissociation

Question 10

electrolyte

Question 11

hydration

Answer 11

solvation process, specifically with water

Question 12

immiscible

Answer 12

liquids that will not dissolve in eat other (water and oil)

Question 13

insoluble

Answer 13

substances that cannot dissolve

Question 14

miscible

Answer 14

liquids that dissolve completely (liquid version of soluble)

Question 15

nonelectrolyte

Question 16

saturated

Question 17

soluble

Answer 17

substances that dissolve each other, creating a homogenous mixture. there can be limits

Question 18

solute

Answer 18

• in a solution
• gets dissolved

Question 19

solution

Answer 19

• made up of solvent and solute
• commonly a solid dissolved in a liquid, but can be anything dissolved in anything

Question 20

solvent

Answer 20

• in a solution, does the dissolving, pulls apart particles of solute, and surrounds them.
• always more solvent than solute
• always molecular compounds

Question 21

solvation

Answer 21

the process by which solvent molecules interact with, separate and surround solute ions or molecules

Question 22

supersaturated

Question 23

unsaturated

Question 24

induced dipole

Answer 24

dipole that is momentarily created because electrons move throughout

Question 25

factors that impact dispersion force strength

Answer 25

1.) molecular size - the greater the size of the electron cloud, the stronger the temporary dipole 2.) molecular shape - molecules that can fit in closer to each other can form stronger attractive forces

Question 26

soluble vs miscible

Answer 26

when a substance is soluble in another substances an upper limit exists as to how much of the solute can dissolve in a particular amount of solvent at a particular temperature. with miscible liquids, there is no limit

Question 27

general rule for solubility

Answer 27

like dissolves like, meaning nonpolar will dissolve nonpolar, and polar will dissolve polar