Unit 10 Modules 7.9-7.11

Question 1

political party of the mass movement Under the leadership of Adolf Hitler, the party came to power in Germany in 1933 and governed by totalitarian methods until 1945. (Nazi) Party German political party led by Adolf Hitler, who became chancellor of Germany in 1933. The party’s ascent was fueled by huge World War I reparation payments, economic depression, fear of communism, labor unrest, and rising unemployment.

Answer 1

National Socialists Party

Question 2

Born in Austria and failed painter who used Germany’s bad economic situation to rise into power and blame Jews. He became a Fascist leader and led the Holocaust and WW2 with the Nazi party

Answer 2

Adolf Hitler

Question 3

lightning war tactic used by Nazi Germany, which helped them win against multiple countries. This was also a military tactic calculated to create psychological shock and resultant disorganization in enemy forces through the employment of surprise, speed, and superiority in matériel or firepower.

Answer 3

Blitzkrieg

Question 4

. The passage of this marked the beginning of a congressional shift away from isolationism. Congress passed a series of acts that, in case of a war, made it illegal for companies to sell weapons or transport goods to any nation at war, as America’s initial response to the rise of totalitarianism was complete isolationism (trade included). When the war began, Congress amended this to allow U.S. companies to sell weapons to the Allies on a “Cash and Carry” basis

Answer 4

Neutrality Act of 1939

Question 5

coalition headed by Germany,, and Japan that opposed the French, Britain, Russia, and US in World War II.

Answer 5

Axis powers

Question 6

Passed in March 1941 by Congress with the help of FDR. The United States allowed America to send war supplies to Allied nations and transport war-related goods to Europe using convoys. This also transformed the U.S. into an “arsenal of democracy,” and helped end the depression in America.

Answer 6

Lend-Lease

Question 7

When FDR and British Prime Minister Winston Churchill secretly planned a war strategy if the United States entered the war, and It also laid the foundation for a post-war United Nations. August 1941 agreement between Franklin Roosevelt and Winston Churchill that outlined potential war aims and cemented the relationship between the United States and Britain.

Answer 7

Atlantic Charter

Question 8

December 7, 1941, surprise aerial attack on the U.S. naval base on Oahu Island, Hawaii, by the Japanese that precipitated the entry of the United States into World War II. The strike climaxed a decade of worsening relations between the United States and Japan.

Answer 8

Pearl Harbor

Question 9

series of agreements between the U.S. and Mexican governments to allow temporary laborers from Mexico, known as this, to work legally in the United States.Began in 1942, As men left to fight in the war and work in the factories there was a shortage of farmers. The U.S. government came to an agreement with Mexico for temporary migrant farmers to work the agricultural lands throughout the western part of the United States. This caused. This caused Zoot Suit Riots, (Riots in 1943 that broke out in Los Angeles and other US cities) As violence escalated white servicemen joined the attacks, assaulting young Hispanic males they encountered

Answer 9

Bracero

Question 10

media icon associated with female defense workers during World War II. Since the 1940s this has stood as a symbol for women in the workforce and for women’s independence.

Answer 10

“Rosie the Riveter”

Question 11

the forced relocation by the U.S. government of thousands of Japanese Americans to detention camps during World War II.World War II Impact on Japanese Americans: Due to the attack on Pearl Harbor, people feared that Japanese-Americans were spying or helping prepare for a Japanese invasion of America. In 1942, FDR issued Executive Order 9066, which ordered 112,000 Japanese Americans to move into camps throughout America. The Japanese in these camps faced bad living conditions and a lack of independence and rights. Japanese Americans also faced unwarranted and terrible racism along with racial stereotypes (Korematsu v. U.S.)

Answer 11

Japanese Internment

Question 12

legal case in which the US Supreme Court, on December 18, 1944, upheld (6–3) the conviction of Fred —a son of Japanese immigrants who was born in Oakland, California—for having violated an exclusion order requiring him to submit to forced relocation during World War II. When Japanese Americans faced unwarranted and terrible racism along with racial stereotypes after WW2.

Answer 12

Korematsu v. U.S.

Question 13

U.S. legislation adopted in 1944 that provided various benefits to veterans of World War II. This act enabled veterans to obtain grants for school and college tuition, low-interest mortgage and small-business loans, job training, hiring privileges, and unemployment benefits. This act also provided for full disability coverage and the construction of additional VA hospitals. Later legislation extended the benefits to all who had served in the armed forces.

Answer 13

GI

Question 14

The army volunteer organization for women during World War II. US Army unit created during World War II to enable women to serve in noncombat positions. Never before had women until this, with the exception of nurses, served within the ranks of the U.S. Army.

Answer 14

WAC

Question 15

The navy volunteer organization for women during World War II, ultimately disbanded in 1972. Established on July 30, 1942, as the U.S. Navy’s corps of female members.

Answer 15

WAVES

Question 16

people who have religious, moral or political objections either to all wars or, less commonly, to a particular war. one who opposes bearing arms or who objects to any type of military training and service. Some refuse to submit to any of the procedures of compulsory conscription. Although all objectors take their position on the basis of conscience, they may have varying religious, philosophical, or political reasons for their beliefs.

Answer 16

Conscientious Objector

Question 17

Series of riots in 1943 in Los Angeles, California, sparked by white hostility toward Mexican American teenagers who dressed in suits — suits with long jackets with padded shoulders and baggy pants tapered at the bottom.

Answer 17

Zoot Suit Riots

Question 18

any person captured or interned by a belligerent power during war. They had the worst conditions in camps set by their capturer, Japanese Army killed them during WW2

Answer 18

POW

Question 19

Prime minister of Britian during WW2. was one of Britain’s greatest 20th-century heroes. He is particularly remembered for his indomitable spirit while leading Great Britain to victory in World War II, who rallied the citizens and helped the British win.

Answer 19

Winston Churchill

Question 20

a form of government that theoretically permits no individual freedom and that seeks to subordinate all aspects of individual life to the authority of the state. By the beginning of World War II, used by Nazi Germany under Hitler, this had become synonymous with absolute and oppressive single-party government.

Answer 20

Totalitarianism

Question 21

The slogan African Americans used during World War II to state their twin aims to fight for victory over fascism abroad and victory over racism at home. When Blacks in America faced racial discrimination in segregated military units as well as in war-related jobs at home, and Civil Rights Leader A. Philip Randolph threatened to “march on Washington” to force FDR to help Blacks. As a result, President Roosevelt offered equal pay for Black workers and created the Fair Employment Practices Commission

Answer 21

“Double V Campaign”

Question 22

allied nations could buy American made war materials, but had to pay in cash and had to transport on their own ships.When the war began, Congress amended the Neutrality Acts to allow U.S. companies to sell weapons to the Allies on this basis. This allowed the U.S. to aid the Allies while remaining neutral

Answer 22

“Cash-and Carry”

Question 23

After the Japanese landed in the Philippines in May 1942, nearly 75,000 American and Filipino prisoners were forced to endure a 60-mile forced march; during the ordeal, 10,000 prisoners died or were killed. March in the Philippines of some 66 miles (106 km) that 76,000 prisoners of war (66,000 Filipinos, 10,000 Americans) were forced by the Japanese military to endure in April 1942, during the early stages of World War II.

Answer 23

Bataan Death March

Question 24

American general who stopped at the Elbe River, where he had agreed to meet up with Red Army troops who were charging from the east to Berlin. After an intense assault by the Soviets, the German capital of Berlin fell, and on April 25 Russian and American forces linked up in Torgau on the Elbe River. The 34th president of the United States (1953–61), who had been supreme commander of the Allied forces in western Europe during World War II

Answer 24

Dwight D. Eisenhower

Question 25

The name for the invasion of D-Day in the Nazi occupied France. During World War II, the Allied invasion of western Europe, which was launched on June 6, 1944 (the most celebrated D-Day of the war), with the simultaneous landing of U.S., British, and Canadian forces on five separate beachheads in Normandy, France.

Answer 25

Operation Overlord

Question 26

June 6, 1944 invasion of German-occupied France by Allied forces. The landings opened up a second front in Europe and marked a major turning point in World War II.

Answer 26

D-Day

Question 27

The turning point battle in the Pacific for the US. First engagement between Japanese and U.S. Navy six months after the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor in June of 1942. The battle resulted in a U.S. victory.

Answer 27

Battle of Midway

Question 28

This strategy, employed in the Pacific by the U.S. in World War II, directed American and Allied forces to avoid heavily fortified Japanese islands and concentrate on less heavily defended islands in preparation for a combined air, land, and sea invasion of Japan.

Answer 28

Island Hopping

Question 29

(suicidal airplane crashes) pilots who flew planes into U.S. warships and airplanes, refusing to surrender

Answer 29

Kamikaze

Question 30

The Nazi regime’s genocidal effort to eradicate Europe’s Jewish population during World War II, which resulted in the death of 6 million Jews and millions of other “undesirables” — Slavs, Poles, Gypsies, homosexuals, the physically and mentally disabled, and Communists.

Answer 30

Holocaust

Question 31

meeting during World War II in Morocco, between U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt and British Prime Minister Winston Churchill and their respective military chiefs and aides, who planned future global military strategy for the western Allies. Though invited, Soviet leader Joseph Stalin declined to attend.

Answer 31

Casablanca Conference

Question 32

In February, 1945, the “Big Three” met again to create a plan for Europe after the war was over. At the this event a few major things were agreed upon: Stalin agreed to send troops to help the U.S. invade Japan, They agreed to allow self-determination in nations freed from Nazi rule, They agreed to occupy Germany after the war, andThey agreed to create and join a United Nations

Answer 32

Yalta Conference

Question 33

In July 1945, the new “Big Three” met at this event to discuss the end of World War II. Here, President Truman learned the atomic bomb was ready and issued a declaration; If Japan did not surrender, it would face "prompt and utter destruction".

Answer 33

Potsdam Conference

Question 34

In 1943, Roosevelt (U.S.), Churchill (Britain) and Stalin (Soviet Union),met here to strategize a war plan to defeat Nazi Germany and spilt up Germany. At this event, the “Big Three” agreed to open up a second front in the west to divide the German Army. This included Operation Overlord (D-Day) (June 6, 1944) was the invasion of Nazi occupied France, and the Normandy invasion, which was deadly, but the Allied victory created a Western Front

Answer 34

Tehran Conference

Question 35

33rd president of the United States (1945–53), who led his country through the final stages of World War II and through the early years of the Cold War, vigorously opposing Soviet expansionism in Europe and sending U.S. forces to turn back a communist invasion of the South. He became the president when Roosevelt died at the beginning of his fourth term. A Democrat, he was responsible for ending WWII by dropping atomic bombs on Japan, continuing FDR's New Deal Policies, putting effort into civil rights legislation, leading America in the beginning of the Cold War with his Doctrine, and leading the U.S through the Korean War.

Answer 35

Harry S. Truman

Question 36

first used in WW2 by the US in Hiroshima and Nagasaki to end the war. Weapon with great explosive power that results from the sudden release of energy upon the splitting, or fission, of the nuclei of a heavy element such as plutonium or uranium.

Answer 36

Atomic Bomb

Question 37

the American B-29 bomber, dropped an atomic bomb on Hiroshima.

Answer 37

Enola Gay

Question 38

When Japan refused to surrender following the Potsdam Declaration, President Truman ordered the bombing of here on August 6, 1945. Atomic bomb, Little Boy, dropped by the U.S. on the Japanese cities on August 6, 1945. This bomb immediately killed 70,000–80,000 civilians.

Answer 38

Hiroshima

Question 39

Atomic bomb, Fat Man, dropped by the U.S. on the Japanese cities on August 9, following a previous bomb dropped. This explosion immediately killed 100,000 civilians. Many survivors of these bombings later developed health issues due to the radiation exposure. Five days after the second bomb was dropped, Japan announced its surrender.

Answer 39

Nagasaki

Question 40

Someone who overstepped presidential orders and used excessive force to disperse the veterans and their families in the bonus army situation. U.S. general who commanded the Southwest Pacific Theatre in World War II, administered postwar Japan during the Allied occupation that followed, and led United Nations forces during the first nine months of the Korean War.

Answer 40

Douglas MacArthur

Question 41

On August 14, 1945, when it was announced that Japan had surrendered unconditionally to the Allies, effectively ending World War II. The term has also been used for September 2, 1945, when Japan’s formal surrender took place aboard the U.S.S. Missouri, anchored in Tokyo Bay. Coming several months after the surrender of Nazi Germany, Japan’s capitulation in the Pacific brought six years of hostilities to a final and highly anticipated close.

Answer 41

V-J Day

Question 42

The deadliest war known to man, that eventually shifted the world power from Europe to the US. Conflict that involved virtually every part of the world during the years 1939–45. The principal belligerents were the Axis powers—Germany, Italy, and Japan—and the Allies—France, Great Britain, the United States, the Soviet Union, and, to a lesser extent, China.

Answer 42

World War II