UNIT 10: NON-ENTERICS - VIBRIO AND GR (-) BACILLI Flashcards
(108 cards)
1
Q
All Vibrio spp. are halophilic except (2)
A
V. cholerae
V. mimicus
2
Q
T/F
All Vibrio spp. can grow in 1% NaCl
A
True
3
Q
T/F
All Vibrio spp. can grow in up to 7% NaCl
A
False
4
Q
Gelatinase (+)
a. Vibrio
b. Aeromonas
c. Campylobacter
d. Helicobacter
A
a. Vibrio
5
Q
All Vibrio spp. are nitrate reducers except (1)
A
V. metschnikovii
6
Q
Indole (+)
a. Vibrio
b. Aeromonas
c. Campylobacter
d. Helicobacter
A
b. Aeromonas
7
Q
Aeromonas
Lactose fermenter
A
A. caviae
8
Q
Aeromonas
All have polar flagella except
A
A. salmonicida
9
Q
Aeromonas
The only psychrophilic Aeromonas sp.
A
A. salmonicida
10
Q
Aeromonas shows what type of hemolysis?
A
Beta-hemolytic
11
Q
Common medical isolates of Vibrio spp. (2)
A
V. alginolyticus
V. vulnificus
12
Q
Used in observation of Kanagawa Phenomenon
A
V. parahaemolyticus
13
Q
T/F
All Vibrio spp. are glucose fermenters
A
True
14
Q
Classic biotype vs El Tor biotype
Polymyxin B resistant
A
El Tor
15
Q
Seventh pandemic of V. cholerae
A
El Tor biotype
16
Q
Vibrio: Sucrose fermenter (3)
A
V. cholerae
V. alginolyticus
V. fluvialis
17
Q
Vibrio: Mannitol fermenter
A
V. parahaemolyticus
18
Q
Vibrio
All Vibrio spp. are positive for string test except (1)
A
V. parahaemolyticus
19
Q
Vibrio: Lactose fermenter
A
V. vulnificus
20
Q
Vibrio: ONPG (+)
A
V. vulnificus
21
Q
Vibrio: LDC (+)
A
All except V. fluvialis
22
Q
Vibrio: ODC (+)
A
All except V. fluvialis
23
Q
Vibrio: ADH (+)
A
V. fluvialis
24
Q
Vibrio: Voges-Proskauer (+)
A
V. alginolyticus
25
Vibrio: **Voges-Proskauer (-)**
V. fluvialis
26
Vibrio: **Citrate (+)**
V. fluvialis
27
Specimen for **Vibrio spp.** (2)
**Stool and rectal swab**
**Strips of blotting paper** soaked in liquid stool
28
**Transport medium** for Vibrio spp.
Cary-Blair
29
**Culture media** for Vibrio spp. (5)
Alkaline peptone water
BAP
Nutrient Agar
TCBS
MacConkey
30
# Culture media for Vibrio spp.
Contains:
1% NaCl (pH 8.5)
Alkaline peptone water
31
# Culture media for Vibrio spp.
**Alkaline peptone water** has 1% NaCl with a pH of
8.5
32
# Culture media for Vibrio spp.
**BAP** and **Nutrient Agar** have what % of NaCl?
0.5% NaCl
33
# Culture media for Vibrio spp
Appearance of Vibrio in **BAP** and **CAP**
Medium to large colonies; smooth, opaque with **greenish blue hue**
34
# Culture media for Vibrio spp.
Appearance of Virbio in **MacConkey Agar**
Colorless colonies
35
**Non-halophilic** Vibrio spp. (2)
V. cholerae
V. mimicus
36
**Pandemic strain** of V. cholerae
| Ogawa, Inaba, Hikojima
O1
37
**Endemic** strain of V. cholerae
| India, Bangladesh
O139
38
Toxin virulence factor of V. cholerae (2)
Choleragen
Zona occludens toxin
39
Subunits of **choleragen** (2)
A subunits
B subunits
40
**V. cholerae** motility - produces what?
Mucinase
41
# T/F
V. cholerae is an agent of **bioterrorism**
True
42
**Mainstay** treatment of V. cholerae
Oral and IV hydration
43
**Motility** of V. cholerae
**Darting** or **Shooting star motility**
44
# T/F
**V. cholerae** can grow in the absence of NaCl
True
45
# Vibrio
Reagent used in **string test**
0.5% Sodium Deoxycholate
46
(+) result of **string test**
Loss of turbidity and viscous, string-like appearance
| Due to bacterial cell lysis
47
**Kanagawa phenomenon** (+) result
Double zone hemolysis
"Patched Beta Hemolysis"
| Resembles a **cow's pattern**
48
# T/F
**V. parahaemolyticus** is medically relevant
True
49
# T/F
All Vibrio spp. grow in **TCBS**
True
50
Purpose of **bile** in TCBS
Inhibits growth of **Gr (+) organisms**
51
Unable to ferment **inositol**
Aeromonas
52
Hallmark difference of **Vibrio** and **Aeromonas**
**Aeromonas** cannot grow in **6% NaCl**
53
Frequently isolated Aeromonas spp. (2)
A. caviae
A. hydrophila
54
Causes **red leg disease** among frogs
Aeromonas
55
Virulence factors of **A. hydrophila**
**Heat-labile** enterotoxin
**Heat-stable** *cytotoxic* enterotoxin
56
Used to differentiate **Aeromonas** and **Yersinia**
Cefsulodin-Irgasan-Novobiocin (CIN)
57
Can grow in **CIN**
Aeromonas
58
Characteristic microscopic appearance of **Campylobacter**
Seagull wing-shaped
59
# T/F
**Campylobacter** can utilize carbohydrates
False
| Asaccharolytic
60
Microaerophilic and Capnophilic (3)
Campylobacter
Helicobacter
Arcobacter butzleri
61
**Facultative Anaerobes**
a. Vibrio
b. Aeromonas
c. Campylobacter
d. Helicobacter
b. Aeromonas
62
**Facultative Anaerobes or Aerobes**
a. Vibrio
b. Aeromonas
c. Campylobacter
d. Helicobacter
a. Vibrio
63
Majority of Aeromonas spp. are?
Mesophilic
64
Causes **Guillain Barre Syndrome**
C. jejuni
65
Most common cause of **gastroenteritis** worldwide
C. jejuni
66
Has a MoT of ingestion of **contaminated poultry products**, drinking water, **unpasteurized milk**
C. jejuni
67
Campylobacter: Common cause of diarrhea among children and adults
C. jejuni subsp doylei
68
Campylobacter: Isolated in **blood cultures**
C. fetus subsp fetus
69
In Gram stain of Campylobacter, **Safranin O** is replaced by?
Carbol fuchsin
70
Culture media of **Campylobacter** (4)
Campy-BAP
Butzler medium
Skirrow's medium
Charcoal cefoperazone desoxycholate agar (CCDA)
71
# Culture media of **Campylobacter**
**Campy-BAP** contains (3)
Brucella agar
10% sheep RBC
Antibiotics
72
# Culture media of **Campylobacter**
**Butzler medium** contains
Thioglycollate fluid
10% RBC
Antibiotics
73
# Culture media of **Campylobacter**
**Skirrow's medium** contains (3)
Oxoid Bld agar base
Lysed defibrinated horse RBC
Antibiotics
74
**Bow-shaped** Gr (-) bacilli
Arcobacter butzleri
75
**Oxidase (+)** only
Arcobacter butzleri
76
Natural habitat of H. pylori
Human stomach
77
Possess **multiple polar flagella (4-6)**
Helicobacter pylori
78
Strong urease activity (+)
Helicobacter pylori
79
Major cause of **type B gastritis**
H. pylori
80
Important risk factor for **gastric carcinoma**
H. pylori
81
Specimen for **Helicobacter spp.** (2)
Gastric biopsy materials
Urine
82
**Direct examination** of Helicobacter is done in what specimen?
Gastric biopsy materials
83
**Transport medium** of biopsy materials for Helicobacter
Stuart's Medium
84
Culture media for **Helicobacter** (4)
CAP
Skirrow's medium
Cysteine brucella broth with 20% glycerol
5% sheep's blood brucella agar
85
# Helicobacter
**20% glycerol** in **Cysteine brucella broth** is frozen at what temp?
-70 degrees C
86
Stains to visualize **Helicobacter** (3)
Gram's
Warthin Starry
Silver stains
87
Uses **urea breath test**
H. pylori
88
**Gold standard** for Helicobacter
Histologic Staining and Culture
89
Hippurate hydrolysis (+)
C. jejuni
90
Nitrate reducers (5)
C. jejuni
C. coli
C. fetus
Arcobacter butzleri
Vibrio
91
Growth at **15C**
Arcobacter butzleri
92
Growth at **25C** (2)
Arcobacter butzleri
Campylobacter fetus
93
Growth at **42C**
C. jejuni
94
Nalidixic acid **susceptible**
C. jejuni
95
Nalidixic acid **resistant**
H. pylori
96
Cephalothin **susceptible** (2)
H. pylori
C. fetus
97
Cephalothin **resistant**
C. jejuni
98
Growth at **37C**
C. jejuni
C. coli
C. fetus
99
# T/F
**C. fetus** can grow at **42C**
False
100
Family Enterobacteriaceae are **oxidase (-)** except
Plesiomonas
101
Inositol (+)
Plesiomonas
102
Bile solubility (+)
S. pneumoniae
103
Colony with **black centers** in CIN agar
Yersinia
104
**Bacterial clumping** with formation of a **black center** due to H2S production and **brown diffusible pigment**
Enterobacter cloacae
105
**Brown diffusible pigment** of **E. cloacae** is produced by
Phenylalanine deaminase
106
Next most common nosocomial infection to Pseudomonas
Acinetobacter
107
Notorious for nosocomial infections, drug resistance, and biofilm formation
Pseudomonas
108
Causes **glanders** and **meliodosis**
Burkholderia
