Unit 11.3

Question 1

What is autosomal dominant?

Answer 1

This is when the gene that causes the trait is dominant and is not on the sex chromosomes.

Question 2

What is autosomal recessive?

Answer 2

This is when the gene that causes the trait is recessive and is not on the sex chromosomes

Question 3

What is sex-linked dominant?

Answer 3

This is when the gene that causes the trait is dominant and is on the sex chromosomes

Question 4

What is sex-linked recessive?

Answer 4

This is when the gene that causes the trait is recessive and is on the sex chromosomes

Question 5

What is a carrier?

Answer 5

This is when an organism carries the trait but does not show it

Question 6

What is X-inactivation?

Answer 6

An X in a female is deactivated by the Barr bodies so this is when one of those is deactivated

Question 7

What is a pedigree?

Answer 7

A way of tracking traits over multiple generations

Question 8

Difference between gain of function vs. loss of function mutations?

Answer 8

GoF mutations enhance and create new functions which LoF mutations reduce or eliminate a genes activity.

Question 9

Explain an example of a cross involving a sex-linked trait

Answer 9

If two parents are unaffected and they have an affected child the trait must be recessive, while on the other hand if the parents are both affected and their child isn’t affected it must be dominant.