Unit 12 Vocab

Question 1

Psychological Disorder

Answer 1

deviant, distressful, and dysfunctional patterns of thoughts, feelings, or behaviors

Question 2

Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)

Answer 2

a psychological disorder marked by the appearance by age 7 of one or more of three key symptoms: extreme inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity

Question 3

Medical Model

Answer 3

the concept that diseases, in this case, psychological disorders, have physical causes that can be diagnosed, treated, and in most cases, cured, often through treatment in a hospital.

Question 4

DSM-IV-TR

Answer 4

the American Psychiatric Association’s Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, updated as a 200 “text revision”; a widely used system for classifying psychological disorders.

Question 5

Anxiety Disorders

Answer 5

psychological disorders characterized by distressing, persistent anxiety or maladaptive behaviors that reduce anxiety.

Question 6

Generalized anxiety disorder

Answer 6

an anxiety disorder in which a person is continually tense, apprehensive, and in a state pf autonomic nervous system arousal.

Question 7

Panic disorder

Answer 7

an anxiety disorder marked by unpredictable minutes-long episodes of intense dread in which a person experiences terror and accompanying chest pain, choking, or other frightening sensations.

Question 8

Phobia

Answer 8

an anxiety disorder marked by a persistent, irrational fear and avoidance of a specific object, activity, or situation.

Question 9

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)

Answer 9

an anxiety disorder characterized by unwanted repetitive thoughts (obsessions) and/or actions (compulsions)

Question 10

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)

Answer 10

an anxiety disorder characterized by haunting memories, nightmares, social withdrawal, jumpy anxiety, and/or insomnia that lingers for four weeks or more after a traumatic experience.

Question 11

Post-traumatic growth

Answer 11

positive psychological changes as a result of struggling with extremely challenging circumstances and life crises.

Question 12

Somatoform disorder

Answer 12

psychological disorder in which symptoms take a somatic (bodily) form without apparent physical cause

Question 13

Conversion disorder

Answer 13

a rare somatoform disorder in which a person experiences very specific genuine physical symptoms for which no physiological basis can be found.

Question 14

Hypochondriasis

Answer 14

a somatoform disorder in which a person interprets normal physical sensations as symptoms of a disease

Question 15

Dissociative disorders

Answer 15

disorders in which conscious awareness becomes separated (dissociated) from previous memories, thoughts, and feelings

Question 16

Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID)

Answer 16

a rare dissociative disorder in which as person exhibits two or more distinct and alternating personalities. Formerly called multiple personality disorder.

Question 17

Mood disorders

Answer 17

psychological disorders characterized by emotional extremes. (See major depressive disorder, mania, and bipolar disorder.

Question 18

Major depressive disorder

Answer 18

a mood disorder in which a person experiences, in the absence of drugs or a medical condition, two or more weeks of significantly depressed moods, feelings of worthlessness, and diminished interest or pleasure in most activities.

Question 19

Mania

Answer 19

a mood disorder marked by a hyperactive, wildly optimistic state

Question 20

Bipolar disorder

Answer 20

a mood disorder in which the person alternates between the hopelessness and lethargy of depression and the overexcited state of mania, (Formerly called manic-depressive disorder)

Question 21

Schizophrenia

Answer 21

a group of sever disorders characterized by disorganized and delusional thinking, disturbed perceptions, and inappropriate emotions and actions

Question 22

Delusions

Answer 22

false beliefs, often of persecution or grandeur, that may accompany psychotic disorders.

Question 23

Personality Disorders

Answer 23

psychological disorders characterized by inflexible and enduring behavior patterns that impair social functioning

Question 24

Antisocial Personality Disorder

Answer 24

a personality disorder in which the person (usually a man) exhibits a lack of conscience for wrongdoing, even toward friends and family members. May be aggressive and ruthless or a clever con artist.