Unit !

Question 1

What is Chemistry?

Answer 1

The study of the composition and the chanes that matter undergoes.

Question 2

The five major divisions of chemistry

Answer 2

1 organinc

2 inorganic

3 analytical

4 physical

5 biochemistry

Question 3

Organic chemistry

Answer 3

study of all chemicals containing carbon

Question 4

Inorganic chemistry

Answer 4

Study of chemicals that do not contain carbon

Question 5

Analytical Chemistry

Answer 5

Study of the compostion of matter

Question 6

Physical Chemistry

Answer 6

Study of mechanisms, rates, and transfer of energy that occurs when matter underoes change.

Question 7

Biochemistry

Answer 7

The study of processes that take place in organisms.

Question 8

What is matter?

Answer 8

Anything that had mass and occupies space.

Question 9

What is mass?

Answer 9

The amount of stuff that a substance is made up of.

Question 10

The four states of Matter

Answer 10

Solid

Liquid

Gas

Plasma

Question 11

Solid

Answer 11

definite shape

definite volume

not easily compressed

Question 12

Liquid

Answer 12

indefinite shape

definite volume

Not easily compressed

Question 13

Gas

Answer 13

indefinite shape

indefinite volume

easily compressed

Question 14

Atom

Answer 14

the smallest particle of an element that retains its identity in a chemical reaction

Question 15

Molecules

Answer 15

When two+ atoms are chemically combind.

Question 16

Elements

Answer 16

a substance that can not be broken down into a simpler substance by chemical or physical means

Question 17

Compounds

Answer 17

When 2+ elements are chemically combind (can be broken down)

Question 18

Observations

Answer 18

Information obtained by through the senses

Question 19

Qualitative

Answer 19

Uses descriptions

Question 20

Quantitative

Answer 20

uses numerical data

Question 21

Physical changes

Answer 21

retains the identity of the substance

(odor, color, volume, phase, melting/boiling point, density, mass, temperature)

Question 22

Chemical changes

Answer 22

changes the identity of the substance

Question 23

Steps of the Scientific Method (5)

Answer 23

Identify the problem

Proposes a hypothesis

Test the Hypothesis

Formulate a therory with explains the observed behavior of matter

Theory becomes a law

Question 24

How to test your hypothesis (3)

Answer 24

experiment

collect and analyze data

search for patterns

Question 25

two types of Physical changes

Answer 25

Intensive and Extenstive

Question 26

intensive changes

Answer 26

depends on the type of matter, not the amount

Question 27

Extensive changes

Answer 27

dependent of the amount of matter, not the type

Question 28

Density

Answer 28

the ratio of a mass of an object to its volume D = M / V

Question 29

Homogenous

Answer 29

a constant compostition

Question 30

solutions

Answer 30

a homogenous mixture; consists of solutes dissolved in a solvent

Question 31

Heterogenous

Answer 31

a different composition

Question 32

Fire Triangle

Answer 32

fuel spark supporter

Question 33

fuel

Answer 33

something with hydrogen and carbon

Question 34

spark

Answer 34

something to raise the temp to the kindling point

Question 35

Kinetic energy

Answer 35

the energy of motion

Question 36

3 types of kinetic energy

Answer 36

translational rotational vibrational

Question 37

Translational

Answer 37

movement from place to place

Question 38

Rotational

Answer 38

movement about an axis

Question 39

Vibrational

Answer 39

Bending and stretching

Question 40

bond breaking ____ energy

Answer 40

requires

Question 41

Bond making ___ energy

Answer 41

releases

Question 42

What happens at a?

Answer 42

substance is solid temp and KE = up Trans = 0 Rot. & Vib.= up

Question 43

What happens at b?

Answer 43

energy used to break bonds temp and KE = constant Trans = up Rot. & Vib.= down

Question 44

What happens at c?

Answer 44

substance is liquid has small clusters of particles temp and KE = up Trans = up Rot. & Vib.= up

Question 45

What happens at d?

Answer 45

Boiling Point energu added used to break bonds temp and KE = constant Trans = up Rot. & Vib.= down

Question 46

What happens at e?

Answer 46

substance is a gas individual paricles temp and KE = up Trans = up Rot. & Vib.= up

Question 47

Triple Point

Answer 47

where liquids, solids, and gases all excist

Question 48

critical point

Answer 48

the point where gas cannot be liquified

Question 49

mass

Answer 49

constant measure of the amount of matter in an object measured w/ balance

Question 50

weight

Answer 50

a measure of the force exerted by the earth (gravity) on an object which varies location form the center of the earth measured w/ scale

Question 51

Accuracy

Answer 51

how close the value is to the achieved or accepted value

Question 52

Precision

Answer 52

duplication of results

Question 53

Two types of error

Answer 53

systematic and random

Question 54

systematic error

Answer 54

when values a consistantly higher or lower than the actual value

Question 55

Random error

Answer 55

when values are both higher and lower then the acual value