Unit 13.3 Respiration

Question 1

Mitochondria vs chloroplast

Answer 1

Matrix vs stroma
No chlorophyll vs chlorophyll
Cristae vs no cristae
No thylakoid vs thylakoid

Question 2

ATP is useful because

Answer 2

1)small amount of energy released
Immediately
Can be replenished
Not lost from cells
Phosphorylation

Question 3

Mitochondria adaptations

Answer 3

-Cristae increase SA for atp synthase and electron transport chain
-matrix contains enzymes for LR
-Interspace membrane small space for H+ ions pumped into the space to create proton gradient
-ribosome-make proteins and enzymes

Question 4

Describe stages or R and where they occur plus products

Answer 4

-GLYCOLYSIS (cytoplasm of cell) - 2nadp 2atp 2pyruvate
-LR (matrix) -2 acetyle enzyme 2nadh 2co2
-KC(matrix)- fadh atp and nadh
-ETC- (interspace) ATP

Question 5

Describe how oxidation takes place in glycolysis and in the krebs cycle

Answer 5

1)remove Hydrogen
2)by enzymes
3) h+ accepted by nad reduced
4) in KC FAD used too

Question 6

Water is a waste product of aerobic resp. Describe how water is formed

Answer 6

1)o2 is final electron acceptor
2)combines with electrons and protons

Question 7

Describe the role of coenzyme and carrier proteins in synthesis of ATP(3m)

Answer 7

1-reduced NAD/FAD
2-electrons pass through ETC
3-releasing energy as they pass down
4-energy to combined adp and pi into atp
5-h + pumped into interspace membr
6-diffuse back through atp synthase

Question 8

Describe how atp is made in mitochondria.6)

Answer 8

1)substrate level phosphorylation of AtP
2)krebs cycle produces reduced nadh
3)nadh releases e-
4)electrons pass along ETC
5)releasing energy
6)H+ ions pumped into interspace membrane
7)adp + pi > atp
8)through atp synthase

Question 9

Explain how ATP is made through reactions inside mitochondria .(7)
(NO GLYCOLYSIS)

Answer 9

1)removal of H+
2)from pyruvate
3)substrate level production of ATP/made in krebs cycle
4) reduced nad and fad made
5)in matrix of mitochondria
6)electron pass through ETC
7)on cristae
8)atp made trom adp and pi
9)through atp synthase
10)lose energy as they pass along etc

Question 10

Units for
Measure of respiration

Answer 10

Cm3 g per minute

Question 11

Respirometer with KOH absorber of CO2.insect

Answer 11

1)O2 used up in aerobic respiration
2)equal volume of co2 made
3)co2 absorbed by koh
4)pressure⬇️
5)volume ⬇️
6)liquid moves towards

Question 12

Respirometer with yeast anaerobic.

Answer 12

-pressure ⬆️ volume⬆️
-anaerobic respiration produces co2
-co2 pushes liquid away

Question 13

Problems with anaerobic/ fermentation

Answer 13

-Ethanol is toxic
-glucose not available