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NURS 104 > Unit 15: Global Health > Flashcards

Unit 15: Global Health Flashcards

1
Q

world health organization

A

international health

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2
Q

centers for disease control and prevention

A

national health

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3
Q

louisiana department of health

A

state health

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4
Q

health is a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity

A

WHO definition of health

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5
Q

health is a

A

human right

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6
Q

these type of disease can travel unknowingly and without symptoms

A

communicable

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7
Q

-non communicable
-communicable, maternal, perinatal and nutritional conditions
-injuries

A

global burden of disease

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8
Q

in 2019, an estimated 58 million people died worldwide

A

global causes of death

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9
Q

diabetes, heart attack, etc

A

non-communicable

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10
Q

health issues related to lifestyles

A

-obesity
-smoking
-alcohol
-illicit drugs

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11
Q

excessive accumulation of adipose tissue and body mass index >30

A

obesity

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12
Q

30-34.9

A

class 1 bmi

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13
Q

35-39.9

A

class 2 bmi

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14
Q

40+

A

class 3 bmi

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15
Q

obesity is a major risk factor for non communicable diseases such as

A

-cardiovascular disease
-diabetes
-musculoskeletal disorders
-cancers

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16
Q

prevalence of obesity

A

-worldwide obesity has nearly tripled since 1975
-2021: 2.8 million people die each year as a result of being overweight
-2020: more than 2 billion adults were overweight. of these, over 650 million were obese
-2020: 39 million children under 5 are overweight or obese
-healthcare costs exceeding $700 billion each year

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17
Q

obesity rates continue to rise

A

globally

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18
Q

by 2030, it is predicted that 1 in 5 _______ and 1 in 7 _______ will be living with obesity

A

women ; men

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19
Q

countries are moving _________ rather than _____________ the target, as levels of ______ continue to rise

A

away from ; towards ; obesity

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20
Q

united states is the most

A

obese country

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21
Q

more than ___________ of adults are obese

A

1/3

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22
Q

1 in 5 ______________ in the US have obesity

A

teens and children

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23
Q

louisiana ranks #___ in the US for adult obesity

A

1

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24
Q

tobacco products are products made entirely or partly of leaf tobacco as raw material, which are intended to be

A

smoked, sucked, chewed, or snuffed

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25
Q

all tobacco products contain the highly addictive psychoactive ingredient

A

nicotine

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26
Q

main risk factor for chronic diseases (cancer, lung disease,, cardiovascular diseases)

A

tobacco

27
Q

globally, approximately ___ use tobacco

kills more than ___ million people/year

at least one person dies every ____ seconds

each year, secondhand smoke kills more than ______, including children

A

1.3 billion

8

4

1.3 million

28
Q

nationally _____ adults in the US currently smoke cigarettes

A

40 million

29
Q

in louisiana, ____ of adults are current smokers

A

19.5%

30
Q

ways to control smoking tobacco

A

-offer tobacco users help to quit
-protect nonsmokers from exposures to second-hand tobacco smoke
-warn people about the dangers of tobacco
-regulate tobacco products
-ban tobacco advertising, promotion and sponsorship

31
Q

what year did ULL go smoke free

A

2014

32
Q

what year did the federal minimum age of sale of tobacco products from 18 to 21

A

2019

33
Q

what is the intoxicating ingredient found in beer, wine, and liquor

A

ethyl alcohol

34
Q

-central nervous system depressant
-affects every organ in the body
-intensity of the effect on the body is directly related to the amount consumed
-excessive use, including underage and binge, can lead to increased risk of health problems

A

alcohol

35
Q

global prevalence of alcohol kills ____________ per year

A

3 million

36
Q

nationally, ______ die from alcohol attributable causes

A

95,000

37
Q

-some loss of judgment and coordination
-thinking is dulled, changed in mood and behavior; some companies require an employee to be relieved of duty for 24 hours

A

BAC .01-.05%

38
Q

-functioning ability definitely impaired
-walking, speech, and hand movements clumsy; blurred, split, or tunnel vision may occur

A

BAC .05-.08%

39
Q

-functioning and judgment very seriously affected
-responses greatly slowed; behavior greatly affected; very high risk of accident

A

BAC .08% and over

40
Q

alcohol-reduction/prevention effort

A

-license revocation
-minimum legal drinking age - 21
-zero tolerance law
-intensive sobriety checkpoint program
-ignition interlocks

41
Q

illicit meaning

A

unlawful or illegal

42
Q

opioids

A

mostly illegal fentanyl

heroin

43
Q

cannabis

A

marijuana and hashish - synthetic marijuana

44
Q

other types of illicit drugs besides opioids and marijuana

A

-cocaine
-amphetamine-type of stimulates such as amphetamines, methamphetamine, ecstasy
-hallucinogens
-inhalants

45
Q

whether intentional or not, mixing drugs is ___________ because the effects from combining drugs may be stronger and more unpredictable than one drugs alone, and even deadly

A

never safe

46
Q

what are examples of stimulants

A

ecstasy (MDMA), cocaine, methamphetamines, amphetamines (speed)

47
Q

examples of depressants

A

opiods (heroin, morphine, oxycodone hydrocodon, fentanyl), benzodiazepines

48
Q

natural or synthetic chemicals

interact with opioid receptors on nerve cells in the body and brain -> reduce the intensity of pain signals and feelings of pain

A

opioid

49
Q

more than ________ have died from overdoses during the opioid epidemic

A

a million americans

50
Q

first wave of the opioid epidemic

A

-increased prescribing of opioids in the 90s - started as a result of pharmaceutical companies reassuring the medical community and health care providers that patients would not get addicted to opioids

-prescription for opioid-containing medications quadrupled between 99 and 2010. this paralleled a four-fold increase in overdose deaths due to opioids

51
Q

second wave of opioid epidemic

A

2010 rapid increase in overdose deaths involving heroin

52
Q

third wave of opioid epidemic

A

2013 - significant increases in overdose deaths involving synthetic opioids, particularly those involving illicitly manufacturing fentanyl

53
Q

synthetic opioid used in medical applications but is also manufactured illegally

50x stronger than heroin, and 100x stronger than morphine

A

fentanyl

54
Q

can be fatal even in small doses and is often laced in other drugs, including fake prescription pills

A

illicitly manufactured fentanyl

55
Q

drug that reverse effects of opioid overdose
-can be life-saving if administered in time
-sold under the brand narcan or evzio

A

naloxone

56
Q

first time opioid prescription fo acute pain limited to

A

seven day supply

57
Q

bacteria and other microorgainsms tat have developed resistance to antibiotic drugs

A

Multi drug-resistant organisms

58
Q

-found in healthcare settings
-spread by hands
-poor infection control, sanitation
-high risk people

A

MDRo

59
Q

infectious and contagious

-spread from one person to another or from an animal to a person

A

communicable diseases

60
Q

retrovirus that infects cells of the immune system, destroying o impairing their function

A

HIV

61
Q

most advantaged stage of HIV infection

A

AIDS

62
Q

how is HIV/AIDS transmitted

A

through unprotected sex; transfusion of contaminated blood; sharing of contaminated needles

63
Q
A

NURS 104 (4 decks)

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