Unit 1A: Biblical and Greek Economics

Question 1

_______ civilization was from 3500 BC - 500 BC, was in Iraq, Syria, and Turkey. It was characterized as the oldest civilization.

Answer 1

Mesopotamian

Question 2

__________ civilization was from 3300 BC - 1900 BC , was in Northern Afganistan to Pakistan and northeast India.

Answer 2

Indus Valley

Question 3

_________ civilization was from 3100 - 2686 BC, was in Egypt, and was characterized by the construction of the pyramid.

Answer 3

Ancient Egyptian

Question 4

_______ civilization was from 2600 BC - 900 AD, was in parts of mexico and southward through Guatamela, Belize, El Salvador, and Honduras. It was characterized by Astronomy.

Answer 4

Mayan

Question 5

_____ civilization was from 1600 BCE - 1046 AD, was from China, and was the known inventor of the paper and silk

Answer 5

Chinese

Question 6

_______ civilization was from 2700 BC - 1500 BC, was from Grece, and was characterized by the concept of democracy and senate

Answer 6

Ancient Greek

Question 7

______ civilization was from 550 BC - 465 BC, was from Iran, and was characterized by democracy, senate, and olympics.

Answer 7

Persian

Question 8

________ civilization was from 1345 - 1521 AD, was from Mexico, and was characterized as Nahuati becoming the major language.

Answer 8

Aztecs

Question 8

______ civilization was from 550 BC - 465 BC, was from Rome, and was characterized as the most powerful civilization.

Answer 8

Roman

Question 9

_____ was from 1438 AD - 1532 AD, was from Ecuador, Peru, and Chile, and was characterized as the largest empire in South America in the pre-columbian era

Answer 9

Incas

Question 10

This verse talks about basic need - “You may eat the fruit of any tree in the garden..”

Indication that God from the beginning, recognized the needs of humans - food.

Answer 10

Gen 2:16

Question 11

This verse talks about savings and investments - “The food will be a reserve supply for the country during the seven years of famine”

Answer 11

Gen 41: 34-36

Question 12

first records of formal economic organization come from __________ economies

Answer 12

ancient river basin economies

Question 13

When did scarcity begin?

Answer 13

At the time Adam and Eve was expelled from the Garden of Eden

Question 14

__________ literature documents the annual accounting of keepers of the royal granaries

Answer 14

Egyptiian

Question 15

___________- is an administrative tool for annual accounting, achieving a role as a religious symbol, not as a symbol of exchange. Measures the value of exchange.

Answer 15

Scales of Justice

Question 16

He was a greek mercenary and historian (C. 431-354 BC). Came from a wealthy equestrian family and was a student of Socrates.

Answer 16

Xenophon

Question 17

_________ in translation, is the March of Ten Thosand of the March Up Country

Answer 17

Anabasis

Question 18

___________ is the socratic dialogue on household management and agriculture. It is the true history of economics.

Answer 18

Oeconomicus

Question 19

the term Oikonomia was said to be coined by Aristotle, but is really from ?

Answer 19

Xenophon

Question 20

Who translated the term “Oeconomicus” into latin during 362 BC?

Answer 20

Cicero

Question 21

This begins with dialogue between socrates and critoboulus (son of Crito), where socrates discusses the meaning of wealth and associated it with usefulness and well-being

Answer 21

Oeconomicus

Question 22

Links moderation and hard work to success in household managament, or can be referred to as “work-life balance” in today’s generation

Answer 22

Oeconomicus

Question 23

The term/idea of individual & exchange value came from Oeconomicus, what is the difference between individual and exchange value?

Answer 23

INDIVIDUAL - value of commodities to the person who owns them

EXCHANGE - value of the commodities to the person who wants to acquire them

Question 24

_________ (an athenian gentleman-farmer), also known as "kaloskagathos" describes the methods he used to educate his wife in housekeeping

Answer 24

Ischomachus

Question 25

___________ is a systematic treatment of the organization and administration of the agricultural estate, emphasizing human capital and organizational efficiency

Answer 25

Oeconomicus

Question 26

the _____________ is the backbone of the economy, according to oeconomicus

Answer 26

family farm

Question 27

_____________ is Xenophon's biography of Cyrus the great, which drew on the Babylonian and Persian Tradition, emphasizing the training of cyrus.

Answer 27

Cyropaedia

Question 28

__________ contained discussions of the administrative stimulus of private production and technology.

Answer 28

Hiero

Question 29

_______ and __________ - treatise on economic development emphasizing economies of scale, prgramming, and promotion.

Answer 29

Ways and Means

Question 30

What is the concept of fair exchange in cyropaedia?

Answer 30

To be just, an exchange must be voluntary (idea of cyrus where his colleagues flogged him)

Question 31

This is the most imporant legacy of Xenophon's thought in the history of economic ideas is?

Answer 31

The formulation of the division of labor

Question 32

He was one of the founders of Western philosophy (C 470-399 BC). First moral philosopher.

Answer 32

Socrates

Question 33

He was one of the wealthiest and most politically active families in Athens. He was also the founder of the Academy in Athens, and wrote the "Republic"

Answer 33

Plato

Question 34

________; c. 380 BC, 10 books, most influential works of philosophy and political theory, where the order and character of the just city-state, and the just man were discussed. Thoughts about how a good leader can promote economic well-being.

Answer 34

Republic

Question 35

Republic book 1 _________ defines justice as giving what is owed

Answer 35

Cephalus

Question 36

Republic Book 1 _________ defines justice as "the art of which good to friends and evil to enemies"

Answer 36

Polemarchus

Question 37

Republic Book 1 _________ states that "justice is nothing else than the interest of the stronger"

Answer 37

Thrasymachus

Question 38

Republic Book 1 _________ overturns their definitions and says that it is your advantage to be just and disadvantage to be unjust

Answer 38

Socrates

Question 39

Republic Book 2 _________ says "The unjust should not fear any sort of divine judgement and also wrote that the Gods would grant forgiveness to those humans who made ample religious sacrifice"

Answer 39

Aidemantus

Question 40

Republic Book IV each person will be happy engaging when?

Answer 40

in the occupation that suits him best

Question 41

He is a student of plato, "Father of Western Philosophy". Significant contributions contributions on logic, math, physics, etc. Wrote as many as 200 treatises of which only 31 have survived.

Answer 41

Aristotle

Question 42

- nicomachean ethics - 8 books (divided into chapters)

Answer 42

Politika

Question 43

T OR F For Aristotle, the primary meaning of economics is the action of using things required for the Good life. "Economics as a practical science"

Answer 43

TRUE

Question 44

T OR F End of economics as a practical science is attaining effective action.

Answer 44

TRUE

Question 45

Politika Book 1 talks about?

Answer 45

- relationship between city and man - discusses the oikos (household) - criticizes income derived from trade and interest - "contrary to human nature"

Question 46

Politika Book 2 talks about?

Answer 46

diminishing marginal utility and an ordinal hierarchy of values

Question 47

Nichomachean Ethics Book V talks about?

Answer 47

justice in exchange surveys justice in distribution

Question 48

This is a nuance in Aristotle's analysis of exchange, his point was parties are drawn together because they both see a potential advantage in exchanging.

Answer 48

Consumer Surplus

Question 49

This is a work attributed to Aristotle, modern scholars, in which consists of 2 books.

Answer 49

Oikonomika

Question 50

Oikonomika Book 1 talks about?

Answer 50

how economies and politics differ in 2 ways 1) in subjects they deal with 2) the number of rulers involved

Question 51

Oikonomika Book 2 talks about?

Answer 51

Types of Economies

Question 52

Type of Economy - simplest, most important: king and top management judge value - coinage, imports, exports, expenditures

Answer 52

Royal Economy

Question 53

Type of Economy - the medium between the economies; gov officials work with royals; land is most important source of revenue - 8 kinds of revenues (land, products, merch, tax, cattle, other resources)

Answer 53

Satrapic Economy

Question 54

Types of Economy - "The economy of the City" - sources of revenue are merchandise, scarce resources, and taxes

Answer 54

Political Economy

Question 55

Types of Economy - practiced by the individual - least important because income and exchange of money are small - revenue comes from land, property, investments

Answer 55

Personal Economy

Question 56

4 types of economy accding to Book 2 of Oikonomika?

Answer 56

Royal, Satrapic, Political, Personal