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GCSE Chemistry > Unit 1b > Flashcards

Unit 1b Flashcards

1
Q

Cracking

A

The breaking down of large hydrocarbons into smaller, more useful ones

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2
Q

Alkenes

A

Unsaturated hydrocarbons

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3
Q

Alkene =

A

CnH2n

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4
Q

Test for alkanes or alkenes

A

Add bromine water: If colourless = alkenes, if no reaction = alkanes

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5
Q

Plastics

A

Made from lots of monomers to make a polymer

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6
Q

Polymerisation

A

When monomers join together

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7
Q

Designer polymer

A

Polymer made to do a specific job

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8
Q

Smart polymers

A

Polymers that have their properties changed by light, temperature or other changes in their surroundings

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9
Q

Non-biodegradable

A

Don’t break down
Harm wildlife
Fill up landfill

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10
Q

Biodegradable plastics

A

Plastics that break down easily

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11
Q

Disadvantages of biodegradable plastics

A

Crops used for plastic instead of food -> Demand increases -> Habitats destroyed for new farmland

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12
Q

How to make ethanol

A

Fermentation

Ethene

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13
Q

How to extract vegetable oil from plants

A

Pressing

Distillation

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14
Q

Hydrophobic tail

A

Attracted to oil

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15
Q

Hydrophilic head

A

Attracted to water - it has a negative charge

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16
Q

Emulsion

A

Where oil and water are dispersed with each other

17
Q

Dispersed

A

Spread out

18
Q

Why are food additives used?

A

Preserve food
Improve taste
Improve its appearance

19
Q

Structure of the earth

A

Atmosphere
Crust
Mantle
Core

20
Q

How do tectonic plates move?

A

Convection currents in the mantle from radioactive decay

21
Q

The Earth’s atmosphere in the past

A

Phase 1: Volcanoes kept erupting and giving out CO2
Earth’s atmosphere was nearly all CO
Oceans formed when water vapour condensed

Phase 2: Plants convert CO2 into O2 with photosynthesis

Phase 3: Ozone layer created from build up of O2
Allows evolution of complex animals

GCSE Chemistry (5 decks)

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