Unit 1.b: Variety Of Living Organisms Flashcards
1
Q
What does prokaryotic & eukaryotic mean?
A
- Pro means before nucleus
- Eu means after nucleus.
2
Q
Describe prokaryotic cells
A
- Simpler and smaller
- no membrane bound organelles or nucleus
- can have a flagellum (tail)
- single-circular chromosomes.
3
Q
Describe eukaryotic cells.
A
- Complex and bigger,
- have membrane bound organelles and nucleus,
- can be multi-cellular,
- multiple linear chromosomes.
4
Q
Similarities between pro and eu…
A
- Both have a form of DNA and plasma membrane,
- both contain ribosomes and cytoplasm,
- both can be single cellular organisms
5
Q
Describe animals
A
- Multi-cellular,
- cells never contain chloroplast,
- feed on other plants and animals,
- cells don’t have cell wall,
- coordinating from nervous system
- store carbohydrates as glycogen.
6
Q
Describe plants
A
- Multi cellular,
- leaf cells contain chloroplast
- use light energy (from sun) to make food,
- cells contain cell wall,
- coordination from external stimuli,
- store carbohydrates as starch.
7
Q
Describe fungi
A
- Multi cellular such as mould and mushrooms,
- Single cellular such as yeast,
- No chloroplast (instead they use saprotrophic nutrition). They secrete enzymes to digest food then absorb digested products,
- Store carbohydrates as glycogen.
8
Q
Describe Bacteria.
A
- Single cellular,
- Spherical, rod, spiral shaped,.
- Cell wall made of polysaccharides and proteins,
- No nucleus (circular chromosomes).
- feed all other living/dead organisms.
Lactobacillus Bulgarians forms yoghurt,
Pneumococcus forms pneumonia
9
Q
Describe viruses
A
- Can live inside bacteria,
- Easily spread,
- Cannot reproduce themselves. Instead they infect a cell, take over their reproductive machinery, multiply in the host cell and then burst out of it.
10
Q
Describe protoctistics.
A
- Single cellular,
- Some have animal cell features (called Protozoa).
- Some have plant cell features (coalled algae).
