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AP Human Geography > Unit 2 > Flashcards

Unit 2 Flashcards

(49 cards)

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1
Q

Euceme

A

The habitable areas of the world

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2
Q

Factors that influence population distribution

A

Natural, economic, social, political

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3
Q

Arithmetic population density

A

Doesn’t account for uneven distribution

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4
Q

Physiological population distribution

A

Displays carrying capacity

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5
Q

Agricultural population density

A

Shows level of country’s economic development

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6
Q

Population structure

A

The percentage of different ages and genders that compose population

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7
Q

Population pyramid

A

Shows the population structure of location; used to asses population growth/decline to predict future need for goods/services

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8
Q

Dependency ratio

A

Number of people in a dependent age group divided by the number of people in working age group multiplied by 100

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9
Q

Sex ratio

A

Proportion of males to females in population

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10
Q

Crude birth rate

A

Number of births per year multiplied by 100

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11
Q

Total fertility rate

A

Average number of children who would be born per woman in childbearing years

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12
Q

Life expectancy

A

Number of years average person will live

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13
Q

Crude death rate

A

Number of deaths per year per 1000 people

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14
Q

Infant mortality rate

A

Number of children who die before one year of age

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15
Q

Natural increase rate

A

CBR-CDR/10; doesn’t account for migration

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16
Q

Population growth rate

A

Accounts for migration

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17
Q

Doubling time

A

Number of years it will take for population to double

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18
Q

Demography

A

Study of population statistics

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19
Q

DTM

A

Used by geographers to predict trends in population growth/decline, such as birth, death, and natural increase rates

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20
Q

Epidemiological transition Model

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A

Predictable stages in life expectancy that countries experience as they develop

21
Q

Stage 1

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A

Low growth; high TFR, short life expectancy

22
Q

Stage 2

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A

Rapid growth; CBR remains same, improved nutrition/sanitation
Mostly LDC, some MDC

23
Q

Stage 3

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A

Growth slows; urbanization reduce child labor, life expectancy increases
Mostly LDC, some MDC

24
Q

Stage 4

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A

Low growth; improved sanitation, higher life expectancy. Only MDC

25
Carrying capacity
The amount of population that a location can support without harming the environment
26
Malthusian Theory
Population grows exponentially while food output grows arithmetically; food shortages inevitable
27
Boserup’s theory
Food supply is impacted directly by population growth
28
Pronatalist policies
Government programs designed to increase fertility rates and accelerate population growth (stage 4/5 countries)
29
Antenatal it’s policies
Government programs designed to decrease fertility rates and slow population growth (stage 2 countries)
30
Migration
Permanent or semipermanent relocation of people
31
Immigration
Into a place
32
Emigration
Out of a place
33
Push factors
Negative circumstances that cause people to move away
34
Pull factors
Positive circumstances that cause people to move to a location
35
Intervening obstacles
Barriers that hold migrants back from continuing to travel
36
Intervening opportunities
Opportunity that causes migrants to voluntarily stop traveling
37
Voluntary migration
People migrate due to their own choices
38
Transitional migration
Migration from one country to another
39
Internal migration
Travel within country’s borders
40
Transhumance
Traditional migration of nomadic herders move livestock from high elevations in summer to low elevations in winter
41
Chain migration
Immigrants migrate to location for reunification of families, friends, communities
42
Step migration
Migration typically occurs in steps
43
Rural to urban migration
Most typical migration
44
Guest worker
Migrants who travel internationally to find temporary work
45
Involuntary migration
Propel relocate due to fears of violence/ survival
46
Refugees
Someone who has been forced out of country due to persecution, violence, or war
47
Internally displaced persons
Forced to flee, but never cross border
48
Asylum seekers
People flee country to seek sanctuary and legal protection/assistance from country. Apply and are approved by country
49
Enslaved persons
Human trafficking, forced to leave and work involuntarily

AP Human Geography (2 decks)

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