unit 2 Flashcards
(38 cards)
What is a process or set of rules to be followed in calculations or other problem-solving operations, especially by a computer
Algorithm
What’s ASCII
A standard data-encoding format for electronic communication between computers
What’s binary
Relating to, using, or expressed in a system of numerical notation that has 2 rather than 10 as a base.
What is an efficient algorithm for finding an item from a sorted list of items
Binary Search
What is a bit
The smallest unit of data that a computer can process and store
What is a group of binary digits or bits (usually eight) operated on as a unit
Byte
What is an array
An ordered series or arrangement
What is the central point, pin, or shaft on which a mechanism turns
Pivot
Definition and example of: Insertion Sort
A simple sorting algorithm that builds the final sorted array one item at a time by comparisons
(ex. the smallest to the biggest number)
Definition and example of: Selection Sort
In-place comparison sorting algorithm
(ex. select the smallest element in the array and move it to the beginning of the array by swapping with the front element)
Definition and example of: Bubble Sort
Repeatedly steps through the input list element by element
(ex. how the contact list on your phone is sorted in alphabetical order)
Definition and example of: Merge Sort
The relative order of equal elements is the same in the input and output
(ex. element with the adjacent list to sort and merge the two adjacent lists)
Definition and example of: Quicksort
Quicksort is an efficient, general-purpose sorting algorithm (ex.
Comparing 44 to the right-side elements, and if right-side elements are smaller than 44, then swap it)
What is Artificial Intelligence
The theory and development of computer systems able to perform tasks that normally require human intelligence, such as visual perception, speech recognition, decision-making, and translation between languages.
What is it called when you enlarge something or to add to it
Augmentation
What is the use of largely automatic equipment in a system of manufacturing or other production process
Automation
What does bias mean
Prejudice in favor of or against one thing, person, or group compared with another, usually in a way considered to be unfair
Describe a decimal
relating to or denoting a system of numbers and arithmetic based on the number ten, tenth parts, and powers of ten
What is Digital Footprint
The information about a particular person that exists on the internet as a result of their online activity
Define a Gigabyte
A unit of information equal to one billion (109) or, strictly, 230 bytes
What’s a Gigahertz
A measure of frequency equivalent to one billion hertz or cycles per second
What’s a Hertz
the SI unit of frequency, equal to one cycle per second.
What’s it called when you put in, taken in, or operated on by any process or system
Input
Define a Kilobyte
a unit of memory or data equal to 1,024 (210) bytes
