Unit 2

Question 1

beliefs

Answer 1

ideas about what is true and false

Question 2

biosocial research method

Answer 2

investigate relationships between sociological variables and biological ones

Question 3

cultural relativism

Answer 3

the practice of noting the difference between different cultures** without** passing judgment

Question 4

culturally competent

Answer 4

able to understand and navigate our cultures with ease

Question 5

culturally conditioned

Answer 5

taught to respond physiologically to a socially constructed reality

Question 6

culture

Answer 6

describes differences in groups’ shared ideas, as well as objects, practices, and bodies that reflect those ideas

Question 7

cultural objects

Answer 7

natural items that are given a** symbolic meaning**

Question 8

cultural cognition

Answer 8

shared ideas and values

Question 9

cultural practices

Answer 9

habits, routines, and rituals that individuals frequently perform

Question 10

cultural bodies

Answer 10

culturally influenced shapes and sizes, capacities, and physiological processes

Question 11

culture shock

Answer 11

being disoriented and confused in other cultures and not being able to communicate effectively

Question 12

culture as rationale thesis

Answer 12

the idea that we’re socialized to know a set of culturally specific arguments with which we can justify why we feel something

Question 13

culture as value thesis

Answer 13

were socialized into** culturally specific moralities** that guide our feelings about right and wrong

Question 14

cultured capacities

Answer 14

culturally specific skills that our cultures influence us to learn

Question 15

cultured physiques

Answer 15

bodies formed by what we do and with them

Question 16

dual inheritance theory

Answer 16

the notion that humans are products of the interaction of genetic and cultural evolution

Question 17

embodied

Answer 17

physically present and detectable in the body itself

Question 18

ethnocentrism

Answer 18

assuming that one’s own culture is superior to the cultures of others

Question 19

homophily

Answer 19

our tendency to connect with others who are similar to us

Question 20

interpersonal socialization

Answer 20

active efforts by others to help us become culturally competent members of our cultures

Question 21

mass media

Answer 21

mediated communication intended to reach many people

Question 22

media socialization

Answer 22

all the cultural competence we gain from our exposure to media

Question 24

norms

Answer 24

shared expectations for behavior

Question 25

self-socialization

Answer 25

active efforts we make to ensure we are culturally competent members of our cultures

Question 26

social construct

Answer 26

an influential and shared interpretation of reality that will vary across time and space

Question 27

social construction

Answer 27

the process by which we layer objects with ideas, fold concepts into one another, and build connections between them

Question 28

social learning

Answer 28

the transmission of knowledge and practices from on individual to another

Question 29

social media

Answer 29

social networks mediated by the internet

Question 30

social network analysis

Answer 30

a research method that involves the mapping of social ties and exchanges between them

Question 31

social networks

Answer 31

webs of ties that link us to one another

Question 32

social ties

Answer 32

the connections between us and other people

Question 33

socialization

Answer 33

the lifelong learning process in which we become members of our cultures

Question 34

subcultures

Answer 34

subgroups within societies that have distinct cultural ideas, objects, practices and bodies

Question 35

symbolic structure

Answer 35

social constructs connected and opposed to one another in overlapping networks of meaning

Question 36

values

Answer 36

notions as to what is right and what wrong