Unit 2

Question 1

algorithm

Answer 1

a set of instructions or a procedure for solving a problem and the order in which the actions should execute

Question 2

pseudocode

Answer 2

“fake” code that is easy to understand by everyone

Question 3

flowchart

Answer 3

a diagram that displays the sequential order of steps and the flow of logic in a program

Question 4

selection/decision statments

Answer 4

if, else, else if, switch
* if a condition is met, the block of code under the statement would be executed

Question 5

repetition/iteration statements

Answer 5

• sentinel-controlled/conditional loops
• counter-controlled/counted loops

Question 6

sentinel-controlled/conditional loops

Answer 6

an action that is to be repeated while some condition remains true
* while → condition is tested for first
* do-while → code will be executed first, then the condition is tested at the end
* break → will stop executing the code at a certain point
* continue → will continue executing the code and will not jump out of the condition

Question 7

counter-controlled/counted loops

Answer 7

when the number of repetitions is known before the loop begins executing
* for loops → a while loop all in one line
* e.g. for (int num - 1; num < totalNum; num++)
* counter, condition, incrementation

Question 8

brute-force

Answer 8

a programming style where programs are written in a tedious and repetition-heavy method

Question 9

nesting

Answer 9

placing one control structure within another control structure