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Unit 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the role of individual citizens in information holding?

A

Hold personal information (address, DoB) and information on others (e.g. phone number, email)

Individual citizens often maintain personal data and may also collect information about others in their social or professional circles.

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2
Q

What type of information do businesses and organizations hold?

A

Employee info (personal info, pay, absence), Competitor info (products, sales)

Businesses manage sensitive employee data and competitive intelligence to inform their strategies.

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3
Q

How does the human development index (HDI) differ between developing and developed countries?

A

Developing countries have a lower HDI, indicating lower life expectancy, education, and income per head of population

HDI is a composite statistic of life expectancy, education, and per capita income indicators.

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4
Q

What information do educational institutions typically hold?

A

Personal info of staff and students, Time in education, Assessment grades, Attendance

Educational institutions track various metrics to evaluate student performance and manage staff.

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5
Q

What type of information do governments maintain?

A

Earnings and tax records, Electoral roll, Information on individuals from investigations

Governments collect data for taxation, electoral processes, and may conduct investigations to gather additional information.

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6
Q

What personal information do healthcare services typically manage?

A

Personal information, medical history, Doctor/GP contact details

Healthcare services need to maintain detailed medical records to provide appropriate care.

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7
Q

Define urban and rural locations.

A

Urban: city or other built-up area; Rural: countryside

Urban areas typically have better access to resources compared to rural areas.

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8
Q

What challenges do rural areas face regarding internet access?

A

Tend to have poorer internet access, slower broadband speeds

Limited internet access can hinder online information gathering and communications.

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9
Q

What type of information do community organizations hold?

A

Personal information, Financial information (e.g., gym subscriptions)

Community organizations often collect data to manage their services and support their members.

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10
Q

What information do charities typically maintain?

A

Personal information, Financial records

Charities keep detailed records to ensure transparency and accountability for their funding and operations.

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11
Q

Fill in the blank: Businesses hold employee info including _______.

A

personal info, pay, absence

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12
Q

True or False: Developed countries have a higher human development index than developing countries.

A

True

The HDI reflects socio-economic conditions, which are generally better in developed countries.

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13
Q

What is the digital divide?

A

The difference in access to digital resources in different areas of the world.

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14
Q

What are some examples of factors contributing to the digital divide?

A

Disability / Illness, Elderly People, People living in remote areas, Affordability, Lack of knowledge and skills, Cultural factors (e.g. Religious beliefs).

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15
Q

What does the global divide focus on?

A

The inequality of access to the internet across different regions of the world.

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16
Q

What areas are impacted by the global divide?

A

Education, tourism, and democracy.

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17
Q

What is Paper in terms of information storage?

A

Paper is a traditional form of information storage that includes forms, handwritten notes, maps, and telephone directories. However, it is easily damaged when handled, costs a lot to transport, and is hard to keep secure.

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18
Q

What are Optical Media?

A

Optical Media refers to music and film storage formats like CDs and DVDs, which are methods of digital information and data storage that can hold various types of information. One of the key uses is for software distribution.

Optical media are written and read by a laser.

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19
Q

What is Magnetic Media?

A

Magnetic Media uses magnetic patterns to store data, with the most common example being magnetic hard drives in computers. Data can also be stored on external hard drives and tapes, and this media is frequently used for backup or archiving.

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20
Q

What is Solid State Media?

A

Solid State Media stores data and information in circuitry rather than on a magnetized disc or tape. An example is SSD cards, which are increasingly popular due to their speed and can be used in place of hard drives, as they do not require air cooling due to the lack of moving parts.

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21
Q

What are the characteristics of paper storage?

A

Cheap, easy to use, can be lost, you can file the information, you can make copies.

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22
Q

What are the characteristics of optical media?

A

Uses a laser to read, usually read-only format (can’t be edited), different forms (e.g. CD, DVD, Blu-Ray), cheap, can be scratched and damaged.

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23
Q

What are the characteristics of magnetic media?

A

Uses moving magnetic disk, can be internal or external, easily damaged, large storage capacity (e.g. ITB).

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24
Q

What are the characteristics of solid state media?

A

Has no moving parts, not easily damaged, robust, portable. Comes in different storage capacities. Mutability - can change the content.

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25
What is Dial-up?
The use of a telephone line to access a network remotely, e.g., connect to the Internet using an ISP.
26
What is Broadband?
Telecommunication in which a wide band of frequencies is available to transmit information.
27
What is Fixed broadband?
High-speed data transmission to homes and businesses using technologies, excluding the cellular data market.
28
What is Fixed Wireless?
The operation of wireless devices or systems used to connect two fixed locations (e.g., building to building or tower to building). Usually part of a wireless LAN infrastructure.
29
What is a handheld device?
A handheld device is portable and light, such as an iPhone.
30
What are the advantages of handheld devices?
They are portable, light, and multifunctional.
31
What is a portable device?
A portable device is transportable, like a laptop.
32
What are the advantages of portable devices?
They are portable and light.
33
What is a fixed device?
A fixed device, like a desktop, has powerful processors and large hard drive capacity.
34
What are the advantages of fixed devices?
They have powerful processors, large hard drive capacity, and many USB ports.
35
What is a shared device?
A shared device, such as DropBox, is stored virtually and can be accessed globally.
36
What are the advantages of shared devices?
They can be shared globally, allow permission access, and are stored virtually.
37
What are the disadvantages of handheld devices?
They have limited battery life, less processing power, and usually smaller storage.
38
What are the disadvantages of portable devices?
They have less processing power than desktops and cannot transport peripherals.
39
What are the disadvantages of fixed devices?
They cannot be transported and require peripherals like a mouse.
40
What are the disadvantages of shared devices?
They can be hacked, are useless without internet access, and may require a subscription for more features.
41
What is Satellite Internet?
Satellite Internet is the ability to transmit and receive data from a relatively small satellite dish on Earth and communicate with an orbiting geostationary satellite 22,300 miles above Earth's equator.
42
What is a wireless hotspot?
A hotspot is a physical location where people may obtain Internet access, typically using Wi-Fi technology, via a wireless local area network (WLAN) using a router connected to an internet service provider.
43
What does the mobile Web refer to?
The mobile Web refers to the use of browser-based Internet services from handheld mobile devices, such as smartphones or feature phones, through a mobile or other wireless network (using 3G, 4G).
44
What is the WWW?
A worldwide network of interconnected networks.
45
What are the characteristics of the WWW?
Public, Open Access.
46
What is an Intranet?
A network that is not connected to the internet and is only available to those within an organisation.
47
What is the purpose of an Intranet?
Holds information needed by those inside the organisation, not intended for wider distribution.
48
What is an Extranet?
A website that provides restricted access to resources for an authorised set of users from outside the organisation.
49
What is the purpose of an Extranet?
Provides customers with access to information they need, supporting the marketing process.
50
What is Private Shared Access?
Can be used to provide resources needed by employees or not shared with the general public.
51
What is an example of Private Shared Access?
Can provide access to a supplier for online ordering.
52
What is the Internet?
The Internet is a huge network that links networks to computers all over the world so they can communicate and share data using TCP/IP.
53
What is the World Wide Web (WWW)?
The World Wide Web (WWW) is a widely used service on the Internet which uses HTTP Protocol to allow users to access webpages.
54
What do computers need to connect to the Internet?
Computers need a Network Interface Card (NIC) or Wi-Fi to connect to the Internet.
55
What is the purpose of web pages?
To advertise product/service or to deliver information. ## Footnote Example: A shop's website.
56
What is the purpose of blogs?
To deliver information, such as personal biographies, functioning like an online diary. ## Footnote Example: Twitter is a microblog for sharing information on topics like fashion.
57
What are podcasts?
Audio or video files that come in chunks or episodes and can be downloaded online. ## Footnote Example: An interview on Radio 1.
58
What is streamed audio & video?
Used to show audio and video over the web, providing a modern approach. ## Footnote Example: Spotify.
59
What is the role of social media channels?
Used for global communication and discussions, allowing people to interact and share text, video, and audio. ## Footnote Example: Facebook, Twitter.
60
What are document stores?
Used for storing and sharing files over the Internet globally. ## Footnote Example: Dropbox.
61
What are RSS feeds?
Provides a small amount of 'real-time' information. ## Footnote Example: News feed or announcements.
62
What is required for accessibility?
An internet connection and mobile devices with mobile web versions of sites. Some may require login/account for access.
63
What devices can access online content?
PC, laptop, tablet, or mobile device.
64
What is needed to play audio/video files?
Usually requires a sound/video player, such as QuickTime.
65
What are the advantages of web pages?
Can be static or dynamic, popular among businesses, and can embed video and images.
66
What are the advantages of blogs?
Effective for communication, usable through web and applications, and accessible globally.
67
What are the advantages of podcasts?
Can be downloaded, saved locally, and played again with modern audio and video features.
68
What are the advantages of streamed audio & video?
Provides a visual and auditory experience, allowing for play, stop, and pause functionalities.
69
What are the advantages of social media channels?
Facilitates global communication and advertising for businesses.
70
What are the disadvantages of web pages?
Costs money to host, may have poor design/layout, and require an internet connection.
71
What are the disadvantages of blogs?
Mini blogs have limited characters, and messages can be misconstrued.
72
What are the disadvantages of podcasts?
May have reduced file quality, requiring a media player to play files.
73
What are the disadvantages of streamed audio & video?
Requires high bandwidth and can be latency dependent.
74
What are the disadvantages of social media channels?
Can be a distraction, potential for cyberbullying, and hacking risks.
75
What are the features of document stores?
Can store files on its own server, share globally, and provide different levels of access.
76

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