unit 2 Flashcards

(81 cards)

1
Q

was a ship that held slaves where many were sick and did not survive

A

the zong

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2
Q

what was the scandal on the zong and what did they do when it surfaced

A

many slaves were thrown off the ship; a court case was brought up boosting the abolitionist movement

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3
Q

after the zong did was slave trade made illegal or not

A

yes, it was illegal

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4
Q

was a result of hierarchy in medieval europe; was before slavery

A

serfdom

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5
Q

would be born and die on the estate that they served; were not bought or sold but belonged to their estate

A

peasants

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6
Q

where someone sells themselves to pay off debts; was common practice in colonial north America; only lasted 7-14 years

A

indentured servants

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7
Q

humans were reduced to commodities; were bought and sold with a price over their heads; most infamous form of slavery

A

chattel slavery

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8
Q

was an island that trans-Atlantic slavery started

A

madeira

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9
Q

were under Portuguese control; they have sugar plantations where they put these slaves to harvest; where plantation work started

A

sao tome and principe

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10
Q

were brought from the interior lands to the coast where they were stores on boats

A

slaves

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11
Q

profit seeking adventures; would stuff them in boats with no food or water

A

middle passage

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12
Q

what percentage of slaves would die on every trip

A

10%`

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13
Q

many slaves would end up in

A

brazil

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14
Q

where would the slaves work once in brazil

A

sugar plantations

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15
Q

where would slaves be sent

A

13 colonies, the carribean, and mexico

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16
Q

the flow of slaves between africa, south america, and north america

A

the triangular trade

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17
Q

were viewed lower than others

A

free black people

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18
Q

means mixed racial lineage

A

casta

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19
Q

what were casta paintings

A

a racially mixed family where a white person was put at the top of the painting to show that white people were above them

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20
Q

in europe ______ was against all new ideas

A

slavery

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21
Q

in _______ britain abolishes slavery in all their colonies

A

1833

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22
Q

in ______ slavery was abolished in the US

A

1866

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23
Q

slaves were only in

A

brazil and cuba

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24
Q

in ______ cuba finally foes towards abolition and brazil follows in ________

A

1886; 1888

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25
was the last Hapsburg king; was sick his whole life and had birth defects; dies with no heir
king carlos II (king of spain)
26
was made the new king of spain; louis the 14th put him in power because he was his grandson
philip Anjou
27
was a war between austria, britain, etc.; was started to decide on a ruler other than Philip Anjou
the war of spanish succession
28
why does philip have to sign away his right to the french throne to rule spain
louis gets him on the throne but france lost a lot of colonial territory from the spanish succession
29
why were the bourbon reforms started
philip the 5th became king and corruption and taxes werent payed
30
how many kings did the bourbon reforms go through
4
31
what were the kings the bourbon reforms went through
philip V, ferdinand VI, charles III, charles IV
32
what were the early reforms
were focused on centralizing/ stabilizing reforms; making the empire more efficient
33
what are the caroline reforms
were enlightenment reforms; were influenced by enlightenment ideas and economic ideas
34
ethnic Spainards born in the colonies; American born Spainards who assumed the important positions
creoles
35
Spainards born in Spain but lived in the Americas; wanted to bring power back to them
peninsulares
36
what did the sec of state do
was a singular person that answered directly to the king
37
what is the seven year war also known as
the french and indian war
38
what is the seven year war
collection of battles in north america that were subsets of what was happening in europe; wars over who would rule over the colonies
39
what were the three key players in the seven year war
spain, france, and britain
40
Britain won everything in the seven-year war except for
Louisiana which went to Spain
41
why were there reforms in the British colonies
thousands of soldiers were sent to defend the colonies which hurt Britain financially; the colonies won the war against Britain
42
second stage of the bourbon reforms
the caroline reforms
43
also known as saint domingue which was fueled by sugar plantations
haiti
44
slaved revolted here
haiti
45
was a freed slave who rose to leadership in the revolution; he also invaded spain to start a revolution which he won
toussain l'overture
46
wanted to retake haiti; compelled spain to give louisiana back to france
napoleon
47
was caputured and died in france
toussaint
48
won against napoleon and called themselves the republic of haiti
haiti
49
sold louisiana to the us and gave up on haiti
napoleon
50
what did the constitution of cadiz do
made creoles citizens
51
what made the colonies push for independence
the absence of Spanish power
52
was creole and fought for independence across south america; he wanted a united colony called gran columbia
simon bolivar
53
was a priest who led a revolt against monarchy; was a peasant revolt; was caught and executed
miguel hidalgo y costilla
54
was a military leader who fought the peasant insurgence in mexico; planned to unite the peasants and the military to declare independence from spain
agustin de iturbide
55
mexico became a monarchy and _______ was king but it fell apart in a year and became a republic
iturbude
56
was an empire known as the ming dynasty
china
57
the wealthiest and most powerful empire; the name was picked to show the success of china
ming dynasty
58
number one trade in asia
silver
59
was commissioned to make several voyages through asia; was a treasure ship; brought back exotic animals
the voyages of zheng he
60
made this to protect against the mongols
the great wall of china
61
a fired postal worker who gets caught in uprisings; becomes a war lord; takes over a city and made it his own capital; tries to conquer the ming dynasty to rule over china
li zicheng
62
was called the dashing king because he had everything to take over the ming dynasty; launched his attack over the capital, beijing
li zicheng
63
the ming dynasty reached out to the _________ for help; they were known for their military; they eventually decided to take over china as a whole
manchus
64
comes to power as an emperor; oversaw the conquest of the south
kangxi
65
was kangxi grandson who wanted to expand china even more; created the largest chinese empire
qianlong
66
came from the manchus; showed who was in charge
the manchu queue haircut
67
is a philosophy that hugely influenced their culture
confucianism
68
was a test taking system that was designed to select the more competent workers
examination
69
catholic order that emerges out of the protestant reformation; were missionaries brought to asia; integrated themselves into the culture
jesuits
70
a type of vulgarization of darwins ideas of natural selection; what people thought made them better than someone else
social darwinism
71
was caused because british pumped opium into china and they did not want it
opium war
72
was a major private trading corporation
the british east indian company
73
were native soldiers that were crucial the BEIC expansion into india
sepoys
74
was grown in india then shipped to china
opium
75
china had to sign this treaty which gave hong kong to the britis; expired in 1997
treaty of nanjing
76
was a premanufactured paper cartridge and had everything you needed for a gun; the cartridges were lubricated with oil from animals
enfield rifle
77
this allowed britain to colonize space in india causing the second opium war
government of india act of 1858
78
a narrow place in egypt to get to asia faster; took 10 years
suez cananl
79
colonized south of egypt
britain
80
was bout colonizing africa; 14 countries were there
the berlin conference
81