UNIT 2

Question 1

ARPANET

Answer 1

Advanced Research Projects Agency Network.

Question 2

Computing Device

Answer 2

A machine that can run a program.

Question 3

Computing System

Answer 3

A group of devices/programs working together.

Question 4

Computing Network

Answer 4

A group of interconnected devices capable of sending / receiving data.

Question 5

Path

Answer 5

Connections between devices starting with a sender and ending with a receiver.

Question 6

Bandwith

Answer 6

The maximum amount of data that can be sent in a fixed amount of time.

Question 7

Protocol

Answer 7

A well-known set of rules and standards used to communicate between machines.

Question 8

Internet Protocol (IP)

Answer 8

A protocol of for sending data that assigns each device its own unique number.

Question 9

Domain Name System (DNS)

Answer 9

A set of servers that organize website information depending on the domain of the website.

Question 10

Router

Answer 10

A type of device that forwards data across a network.

Question 11

Redundancy

Answer 11

The inclusion of extra components so that a system can continue to work even if individual components fail. For example: by having more than one path between any two connected devices in a network.

Question 12

Fault Tolerant

Answer 12

Can continue to function even in the event of individual component failure. The is important because elements of a complex system, like a computer network fail at unexpected times and often in groups.

Question 13

Packet

Answer 13

A chuck of data sent over a network. Larger messages are divided into packets that may arrive at the destination in order, out-of-order, or not at all.

Question 14

Datastream

Answer 14

Information passed through the internet in packets.

Question 15

Packet Metadata

Answer 15

Data added to packets to help route them through the network and reassemble the original message.

Question 16

Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)

Answer 16

A protocol for sending packets that does error-checking to ensure all packets are received and properly ordered.

(Slower but more accurate)

Question 17

User Datagram Protocol (UPD)

Answer 17

A protocol for sending packets quickly with minimal error-checking and no resending of dropped packets.

(Quicker but less accuracy)

Question 18

Scalability

Answer 18

The capacity for the system to change in size and scale to meet new demands.

Question 19

World Wide Web

Answer 19

A system of linked pages, programs, and files.

Question 20

Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP)

Answer 20

A protocol for computers to request and share the pages that make up the world wide web on the internet.

Question 21

SSL

Answer 21

Secure Socket Layer

Question 22

TLS

Answer 22

Transport Layer Security

Question 23

HTTPS

Answer 23

Hypertext Transfer Protocol SECURE

Question 24

Digital Certificate

Answer 24

A certified ID given to a website to verify it.

Question 25

Certificate Authorities

Answer 25

Verify safe websites and grant Digital Certificates to prove its validity in the future.

Question 26

URL

Answer 26

Uniform Resource Locator

Question 27

HTML

Answer 27

Hyper Text Markup Language

Question 28

Get Request

Answer 28

When a computer asks the server for all the HTML code of a website. (Asking a server for information)

Question 29

Post Request

Answer 29

When a computer submits data to a website (Like a saved login and password) (Giving the server information)

Question 30

Layers

Answer 30

HTTP + DNS TCP / IP + Routing Wires, cables, Wifi

Question 31

Creators of the Internet

Answer 31

Vint Cerf and Bob Khan

Question 32

HTTP relies on what for memory and saftey?

Answer 32

Cookies, SSL, and TLS