Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Chemistry > Unit 2 > Flashcards

Unit 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What is scientific notation?

A

A way of expressing really big or small numbers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the parts of scientific notation?

A
  1. A number between 1 and 10
    Multiplied by
  2. A power of 10 (10^x)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Define accuracy

A

You end up with the intended value

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Define precision

A

Consistency

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

How do you determine dig figs when adding or subtracting?

A

Place value/decimal places

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

How do you determine dig figs after multiplying or dividing?

A

Fewest total sig figs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is temperature?

A

The measure of the kinetic energy of the atoms/molecules in an object

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What tools do we use to measure temperature?

A

Bulb thermometer
Digital thermometer
Turkey popper
Galileo thermometer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the unit of measurement for temperature?

A

Degrees or kelvins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Kelvin symbol and water freezing and boiling points

A

K
273 K
373 K

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Celsius symbol and water freezing and boiling points

A

°C
0°C
100°C

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Fahrenheit symbol and water freezing and boiling points

A

°F
32°F
212°F

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Why is Kelvin important?

A

Kinetic energy is never negative, so Kelvin was created as an appropriate scale that gives a more accurate representation of what temperature really is.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is energy?

A

The capacity to do work or to produce heat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the types of energy?

A

Potential
Kinetic
Radiant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the 3 units of measurement of energy?

A

Calorie
BTU
Joule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Define calorie

A

The amount of heat needed to raise 1 gram of water 1° Centigrade

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Define BTU

A

British Thermal Unit

Heat needed to raise 1 lb of water 1°F

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Define joule

A

SI standard unit for energy

Force of one Newton acting through one meter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is a watt?

A

Power of a joule of energy per second

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Calories in a BTU

A

252

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Joules in a calorie

A

4.184

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is the law of conservation of energy?

A

Energy is neither created nor destroyed

24
Q

What are the 3 different water sterilization methods?

A

Plasma/uv
Chlorine
Ozone

25
Pros and cons of plasma/uv sterilization
Fast, no bad taste or smell, easy maintenance, low cost to run No staying power, expensive equipment
26
Pros and cons of chlorine sterilization
Cheap, staying power After taste and smell
27
Pros and cons of ozone sterilization
No bad taste or smell No staying power
28
What is matter?
Everything that has mass and volume
29
What are the states of matter?
``` Solids Liquids Gases Plasma Bose Einstein condensate ```
30
Solids have:
Definite shape and volume | Close together molecules and very little movement
31
Liquids have:
Indefinite shape and definite volume Molecules that have more space between them than a solid does but less than a gas
32
Gases have:
Indefinite shape and volume | Molecules that move in random patterns with varying amounts of distance between the particles
33
What is the most common form of matter?
Plasma
34
Plasma in the _____ and in space makes up over ____% of the visible universe
Stars | 99
35
How does plasma based UV water sterilization kill bacteria?
It disables the DNA of microorganisms in the water. This only takes about 12 seconds
36
Plasma based uv water treatment systems use about _____ times less energy than boiling water
20,000
37
Changing states requires:
Energy in the form of heat
38
What is a physical change?
When a substance changes state but doesn't change its chemical composition. The appearance has changed but the properties have not.
39
What is a chemical change?
When a substance changes into a new substance through a chemical reaction. Properties, like density and boiling and melting points, change
40
What are common signs of a chemical change?
Bubbles forming, change in mass
41
What is a physical property?
Properties that can be observed or measured. We can determine them without changing the identity of the substance
42
What are chemical properties?
The way a substance can change or react to form other substances
43
What is the law of conservation of matter?
Matter cannot be created nor destroyed. It is just converted from one form to another.
44
What are intensive properties?
Properties that don't depend on the size of the sample of the matter, like density, color, and boiling point.
45
What are extensive properties?
Properties that depend on the quantity of the sample, like mass and volume.
46
What are the 3 types of substances?
Element Compound Mixture (not a pure substance)
47
Characteristics of pure substances:
Fixed composition Cannot be separated into simpler substances by physical methods Can only change properties by chemical methods Properties do not vary
48
What is a pure substance?
Compounds: can be decomposed into simpler substances by chemical changes, always in a definite ratio Or Elements: cannot be decomposed into simpler substances by chemical changes, basic building block of matter
49
What is a substance?
A substance cannot be further broken down/purified by physical means. Has its own unique properties.
50
What is a mixture?
Two or more substances that are not chemically combined. Don't have constant boiling and melting points.
51
Characteristics of mixture:
Variable composition Components retain their properties May be separated into pure substances by physical methods
52
What are homogeneous mixtures?
Look the same throughout but can be separated by physical means. Components are indistinguishable.
53
What are heterogeneous mixtures?
Composed of relatively large pieces that can be seen and easily separated
54
What are solutions?
Solutions are homogeneous mixtures when something is completely dissolved in something else
55
What are colloids?
Colloids are solutions in which one substance is trapped inside another substance. Can be identified by how they scatter light, like fog.

Chemistry (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions