Unit 2 Flashcards
(79 cards)
1
Q
DOCTORS- GP
A
- primary point of contact when someone is ill
- carry out simple surgical procedures and preventative care and health education for service users
- based in health centres and work as part of a multidisciplinary team
- can refer a service user to a specialist at a hospital or to other care professionals for assessment or treatment etc
2
Q
RESPONSIBILITIES OF DOCTOR (GP)
A
- diagnose illnesses and ailments
- discuss and agree treatment plans
- prescribe medications and treatments
- monitor the impact of treatments
- deliver vaccination programmes/programmes on smoking etc
3
Q
HOSPITAL DOCTORS (consultants)
A
Senior, hospital based doctors who specialise in a certain field of medicine and manage complex cases • cardiologists - heart disease • psychiatrists - mental health • oncologists - cancer • paediatrician - children • geriatricians - older people
4
Q
NURSES
A
- largest group of NHS workers
- adult nurses, mental health nurses, children nurses, learning disability nurses, district nurses, neonatal nurses, health visitors nurses, practice nurses, school nurses
5
Q
MIDWIVES
A
- support women through all stages of pregnancy
- provide antenatal (before) and postnatal (after) care
- help families to prepare/deliver babies
6
Q
HEALTH CARE ASSISTANTS
A
• sometimes known as nursing assistants or auxiliary nurses
• works with nurses in all types of settings
• duties include
- taking/recording temps and pulses
- weighing and recording patients weights
- taking patients to the toilet
- making beds
- washing/ dressing patients
- serving meals, helping patients to eat
7
Q
SOCIAL WORKERS
A
- provide care for all ages
- aim to safeguard everyone and help them to live independent lives
- adult services - disabilities, mental health, learning difficulties
- child services - protect children from abuse and harm
8
Q
OCCUPATIONAL THERAPISTS
A
- work with people of all ages who have difficulty in carrying out the practical routines of daily life
- help people to live independent lives
9
Q
YOUTH WORKERS
A
- work with people between the ages of 11-15
- help people to reach their full potential and become a responsible member of society
- run health campaigns, organise activities and projects, run sports teams, manage youth community projects, work with parents to support the development of children
10
Q
CARE ASSISTANTS
A
- provide practical help and support for people who struggle with everyday activities
- help with personal daily care, general household tasks, paying bills, and writing letters and liaising with other health care professionals
11
Q
CARE MANAGERS
A
• they manage the provision of residential care for;
- adults/young adults with learning difficulties
- older people in residential/nursing homes
- people in supported housing
- people receiving hospice care
• responsible for a care setting running and functioning
12
Q
SUPPORT WORKERS
A
- linked closely to a healthcare or nursing assistant role
* work alongside lots of different professionals
13
Q
EXAMPLES OF POLICIES
A
- health and safety
- equality and diversity
- medication
- safeguarding
- disclosure and barring service (DBS) referral
- complaints
- death of a resident
14
Q
PRESCRIBING MEDICATION
A
- a doctors role (traditionally)
- some nurses can prescribe medication (if they have extra training)
- some other professionals like a dentist can also prescribe medication
15
Q
SURGERY
A
• health care workers in the community play a major role in helping patients recover e.g visits, assessments, changing dressings
16
Q
RADIOTHERAPY
A
- high energy radiation (radiotherapists)
* patients may needs follow up support from a GP to promote healing
17
Q
ORGAN TRANSPLANT
A
- patients may need support from a counsellor
* patients need to be prepared mentally and physically
18
Q
SUPPORT FOR LIFESTYLE CHANGES
A
- counselling
- self-help groups
- GPs
- local nurses
19
Q
SPECIALIST AGENCIES
A
- age uk
- mind
- youngmind
- the royal national institute of blind people (RMB)
- Alzheimer’s society
20
Q
EQUIPMENT TO INCREASE MOBILITY
A
- walking sticks
- walking frames
- wheelchairs
- adapted shopping trolleys
- stairlifts
- adapted cars
21
Q
APPLIANCES TO SUPPORT DAILY LIVING
A
- special cutlery with thick and light handles for arthritis
- feeding cups or angles straws for drinks
- egg cups and plates with suctioned bottoms
- dining/arm chairs to meet needs
- bath aids, walk in shower etc
- adapted computer keyboards/screens
22
Q
TECHNOLOGY TO HELP SUPPORT EDUCATIONAL ACHIEVEMENT
A
- adapted computers -blind of visually impaired
- signers and other assistants -deaf
- wheelchair access
- additional time in exams -dyslexia
- enlarged text -poor vision
23
Q
DOMICILIARY CARE
A
- care provided in the service users own home
- can be short or long term
- can be a visit of 24hr care
- domestic tasks or intimate personal care - delivering meals, DIY jobs, installing security equipment, arranging transport
24
Q
EQUIPMENT TO IMPROVE HYGIENE
A
- walk in baths
- showers for wheelchair users
- non-slip bath mats
- bath/shower seats
- hand rails
- bath lifts and hoists
- adapted taps
- bedpans/commodes
- female/male urinals
25
HYGIENE AND CULTURE
* Muslims/Hindus - prefer running water (showers), prefer to use a bidet rather than toilet paper
* Sikhs/Rastafarians - do not like to cut hair
* Muslims/Hindus - same sex carers
26
DIETARY REQUIREMENTS
* vegetarians - no fish or meat
* vegans - no meat or animal related products
* Muslims/ Jews - no pork
* Muslims - halal
* Jews - kasher
* Hindus/ Sikhs - no beef
* coeliac disease - no gluten
27
ASSESSING CARE AND PROVIDING SUPPORT
* assess the clients needs
* plan and agree care
* implement the plan
* monitor effectiveness
* review and evaluate
* amend the plan if necessary
28
HEALTH AND SOCIAL CARE WORKERS HAVE TO....
* promote anti-discriminatory practice
* empower individuals
* ensure the safety of staff and patients
* maintain confidentiality and privacy
* promote good communication
* follow codes of practice and professional standards
29
GMC
* general medical council
| * doctors
30
NMC
* nursing and midwifery council
* nurses
* midwives
31
HCPC
* health and care professions council
* social workers
* physiotherapists
* occupational therapists
* paramedics
* speech therapists
32
EQUALITY ACT (2010)
```
• anti-discriminatory practice
• the act includes;
- religion belief
- sex
- sexual orientation
- age
- disability
- gender reassignment
- marriage and civil partnership
- pregnancy and maternity
- race
```
33
HUMAN RIGHTS ACT (1998)
* access to education
* life
* freedom from torture and degrading treatment
* freedom from slavery and forced labour
* Liberty and security of person
* respect for a family life
* freedom of thoughts, conscience, religion
* freedom of expression
* marry and found a family
* peaceful enjoyment of possessions and protection of property
34
EMPOWERING INDIVIDUALS
* service users get to take control of their lives and futures by taking part in discussions and decisions about their care and treatment
* empowering helps to meet an individuals needs
35
INDIVIDUAL CARE
• empowering individuals helps them to feel like they are at the heart of the service
36
DIGNITY AND INDEPENDENCE
• empowerment boosts self-esteem, dignity and independence
37
PROVIDING SUPPORT FOR A SERVICE USERS BELIEFS, CULTURE AND PREFERENCES
```
• multi cultural society
• staff have to respect;
- beliefs
- languages
- traditions
- diets
- customs
• this can present challenges
```
38
HELPING TO EXPRESS A SERVICE USERS NEEDS AND PREFERENCES
```
• support could be given by;
- translators/interpreters
- signers
- advocates
- family/friends
• an advocate is someone who speaks on behalf of someone else and represents their views and preferences
```
39
WHY MAY THERE BE CONFLICT BETWEEN STAFF AND THEIR SERVICE USER?
* equally valid preferences between staff and the service user
* the clients right to choose and protect their safety
* the different rights that service users have
* the respect for cultural or religious values of a service user and promoting their health and well-being
40
DEALING WITH CONFLICT IN A HEALTH AND SOCIAL CARE SETTING
* training to deal with conflict
* lone workers policy - make sure lone workers are safe
* never resort to aggressive behaviour
* listen carefully
* stay calm
* try to see both sides of the argument of issue
41
RISK ASSESSMENTS - EMPLOYERS MUST....
• employers have to make sure every employee is safe (health and safety at work act 1974)
• employers must;
- have health and safety policies in place and an official who is responsible for making sure they are followed
- undertake a risk assessment for risks and hazards
- take actions to reduce risks and hazards
42
RISK ASSESSMENT - EMPLOYEES MUST ....
* take care of their own safety and others in the workplace
* cooperate with their employer to carry out the required health and safety procedures
* not intentionally damage health and safety equipment
43
CARRYING OUT A RISK: STEP BY STEP
* identify the hazards
* identify those at risk
* evaluate the level of risk
* identify ways to limit the risk
* review measures taken to limit the risk
44
SAFEGUARDING FROM ABUSE
* follow the settings safeguarding policies
* listen carefully
* avoid asking questions
* tell the safeguarding officer who will investigate the claim or accusation
* provide a written record
45
PROTECTING PEOPLE FROM INFECTION
• all staff have to maintain a clean and hygienic working environment
• ensure your familiar with cleaning policies
• these can include;
- washing hands
- safe handling and disposal of sharp articles
- soiled linen in designated laundry bags
- wear disposable gloves and aprons
- follow procedures to clean all equipment
- wear protective clothing
46
CONTROL AND DISPOSAL OF SUBSTANCES HARMFUL TO HEALTH
* COSHH (2002)
* clinical waste - yellow bag, burnt
* needles and syringes - yellow ‘sharps’ box, sealed, burnt
* bodily fluids - sluice drain
* soiled linen - red laundry bag, appropriate temp
* recyclable equipment and instruments - blue bag sent to the central stenlisation service (CSSD)
47
REPORTING OF INJURIES, DISEASE AND DANGEROUS OCCURENCES
* RIDDOR (2013)
* notifiable deaths, injuries, or diseases
* accident forms must be completed
* required by law and checked on inspections
48
HEALTH AND SAFETY (first aid) REGULATIONS (1981)
* first aid should be adequate and appropriate
* all incidents should be recorded
* should be truthful and accurate
49
THE DATA PROTECTION ACT (1998)
• data must:
- not be passed to countries with out protection laws
- kept safe and secure
- not be kept longer than necessary
- accurate and up to date
- not be passed on without permission
- collected honestly and fairly
- be used only for the reasons it was given
- meet the needs of the organisation
50
HEALTH ORGANISATIONS HAVE TO MONITOR THE...
* level and content of the initial training and education
* ongoing professional development
* standards of professional practice
* standards of personal conduct
51
MULTI-DISCIPLINARY TEAM
• a team in which health and social care workers from different professional backgrounds and with different work roles, plan, implement and monitor individuals care
52
HOLISTIC APPROACH
* addresses the whole person
* PIES
* emotional, physical and spiritual health
53
SERVICE USER FEEDBACK
* regular meetings
* committee of representatives
* suggestion box
* private meetings
* external agencies e.g Ofsted
54
THE PUBLIC SECTOR
* financed and directed by the government
* NHS
* funded by the tax payer and national insurance contributions
55
PRIMARY HEALTH CARE
* provided by GPs, dentists, opticians, and pharmacists
| * accessed directly by the service user when needed
56
SECONDARY HEALTH CARE
* includes most hospital services, mental health services, and community health services
* accessed via the GP who then makes a referral
57
TERTIARY HEALTH CARE
* provides specialist and normally complex services
| * accessed via referral by specialists who have identified the need
58
NHS FOUNDATION TRUSTS
```
• independent trusts financed by the government
• boards of governors
• aim to move the decision making process to local communities
• the service provided includes:
- adult community nursing services
- health visiting/school nursing
- physiotherapy/ occupational therapy
- palliative/ end of life care
- walk in/ urgent care centres
```
59
ADULT SOCIAL CARE
```
• provide:
- care in the home
- day centres
- respite care
- sheltered housing
- residential care
- training centres
• run and managed by trusts
```
60
CHILDREN’S SERVICES
• support can include:
- services to safeguard children
- day care for children under 5
- help for parents to develop ‘parenting skills’
- practical help
- support of a children’s centre
- arrangements for fostering and adoption
61
HOW ARE GPs FUNDED?
• government via NHS
• funded according to their assessed workload from their patients. Taking into account:
- age
- gender
- levels of morbidity and mortality
- the number of people in a residential or nursing home
- patient turnover
62
GPs GET EXTRA FUNDING IF ....
* provide a high quality service
* for additional services e.g vaccinations
* for seniority (GPs length of service)
* support for costs of equipment and premises
* cost of medicines
63
VOLUNTARY SECTOR
* charities - rely on donations
* not run for personal profit
* use volunteers
* not managed by government however the government can pay for their services
64
PRIVATE SECTOR
* commercial companies
* they work in all sectors including nurseries, mental health, hospitals, or residential care
* provides services for the government
65
HOW IS THE PRIVATE SECTOR FUNDED?
* fees from service users
* payments from health insurance companies
* grants or payments from local authorities for services provided on their behalf
66
HOSPITALS
* inpatient and outpatient services
* outpatient - clinics, day surgery, specialist day time care
* inpatient - 24 hours specialist support, referred via A&E or a GP
67
DAY CARE CENTRES/UNITS
* old people, disabled, learning difficulties, mental health
| * friendly, supportive and stimulating environments
68
HOSPICE CARE
* improve quality of life for people who have terminal illnesses
* palliative care
* holistic care
* individuals, their family and friends - support can extend to the bereavement period
69
RESIDENTIAL CARE
* long-term care for adults and children needing 24hr support
* provide care for specific groups
* residential care - personal care
* nursing home - personal care and 24hr nursing care
70
THE WORKPLACE
* occupational therapists help to keep the workforce healthy
* provided by an employer
71
SELF-REFERRAL
* is when a person contacts a care provider personally e.g GPs
* mainly to primary health services
72
THIRD-PARTY REFERRAL
* is when a friend, neighbour of relative contacts a health of care service on another persons behalf
* primary health services
73
PROFESSIONAL REFERRAL
* when a professional contacts another service provider to request support for a service user
* e.g a GP refers a patient to a hospital specialist
74
ASSESSMENT
• community care assessment (usually adult social services)
• they provide:
- reassurance and information about organisations that can help
- devices to help people e.g electric can openers
- referral to different care e.g domiciliary to residential
• carers assessment
• provide the service user with a written report outlining the needs identified and action to be taken
75
ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA
• national eligibility criteria;
- a physical and/or mental impairment or illness
- an inability to carry out two of the following tasks:
~ prepare and eat food
~ wash themselves or their clothes
~ manage their toilet needs
~ dress appropriately
~ move around their home easily
~ keep the house safe and clean
~ maintain relationships
~ access work, training, education, volunteering
~ use local facilities
~ carry out caring responsibilities
~ meet the outcomes likely to affect their health and well-being
76
BARRIERS TO ACCESSING HEALTH AND SOCIAL CARE SERVICES
* language
* inconvenient location of the service
* financial
* scarce resources
* communication - discrimination, prejudice, stereotypes, jargon
77
CHARITIES AND PATIENT GROUPS
* they can represent the service user e.g shelter, crisis
* advice, guidance, support
* pressure groups
* campaign on an individuals behalf
78
COMPLAINTS POLICY
• all care settings must have formal complaints procedures
• the settings have to make sure patients and their families are able to access these services
• the procedures and the outcome of any complaints will be checked whenever the setting is inspected
• if a service user complains they have the right to/
- have their complaints dealt with efficiently and quickly
- have their complaints fully investigated
- be told the outcome of their complaint
- receive compensation if necessary
79
WHISTLEBLOWING POLICIES
* care organisations have to have whistleblowing policies
| * the policies protect staff
