UNIT 2 Ap Human Geo

Question 1

Demography

Answer 1

Study of population characteristics.

Question 2

Overpopulation

Answer 2

Relationship between population size and resource availability.

Question 3

How much of world pop lives in East Asia:

Answer 3

1/5 of world population (5/6 in China).

Question 4

How much of world pop lives in South Asia

Answer 4

1/5 of world population (3/4 in India).

Question 5

How much of world pop lives in Southeast Asia

Answer 5

1/12 of world population.

Question 6

How much of world pop lives in Europe

Answer 6

1/9 of world population.

Question 7

Ecumene

Answer 7

Permanently inhabited areas of Earth.

Question 8

Dry Lands

Answer 8

Land too dry for farming

Question 9

Wet Lands

Answer 9

Land too wet, near equator.

Question 10

Cold Lands

Answer 10

Too frigid for civilization.

Question 11

High Lands

Answer 11

Too steep/cold for habitation.

Question 12

Arithmetic Density

Answer 12

Total population ÷ total land area.

Question 13

Physiological Density

Answer 13

Total population ÷ arable land.

Question 14

Agricultural Density

Answer 14

Total farmers ÷ arable land.

Question 15

Crude Birth Rate (CBR)

Answer 15

Live births per 1,000 people/year.

Question 16

Crude Death Rate (CDR)

Answer 16

Deaths per 1,000 people/year

Question 17

Natural Increase Rate (NIR)

Answer 17

% population growth per year (excludes migration).

Question 18

Doubling Time

Answer 18

Time required for population to double (constant NIR).

Question 19

Total Fertility Rate (TFR)

Answer 19

Avg. births per woman.

Question 20

Infant Mortality Rate (IMR)

Answer 20

Deaths of infants (<1 year) per live births.

Question 21

Life Expectancy

Answer 21

Avg. years a newborn is expected to live.

Question 22

Agricultural Revolution

Answer 22

Domestication of animals.

Question 23

Industrial Revolution

Answer 23

Technological advancements in manufacturing.

Question 24

Medical Revolution

Answer 24

Diffusion of medical tech to LDCs.

Question 25

Demographic Transition Model: Stage 1

Answer 25

Low growth (high birth/death rates, little growth).

Question 26

Demographic Transition Model: Stage 2

Answer 26

High growth (death rates drop, birth rates constant).

Question 27

Demographic Transition Model: Stage 3

Answer 27

Decreasing growth (decline in birth rates, moderate NIR).

Question 28

Demographic Transition Model: Stage 4

Answer 28

Low growth (ZPG, improved living standards).

Question 29

Demographic Transition Model: Stage 5

Answer 29

(Hypothetical): Low birth/death rates, fluctuating NIR.

Question 30

Dependency Ratio

Answer 30

Ratio of dependents (young/old) to working-age population.

Question 31

Sex Ratio

Answer 31

Males per 100 females.

Question 32

Malthusian Theory

Answer 32

Population grows exponentially, food grows arithmetically → population will outpace food.

Question 33

Neo-Malthusians

Answer 33

Resource strain includes not just food but energy (oil, gas, etc.).

Question 34

Epidemiologic Transition Stage 1

Answer 34

Pestilence & famine (e.g., Black Plague).

Question 35

Epidemiologic Transition Stage 2

Answer 35

Receding pandemics (e.g., cholera in industrial cities).

Question 36

Epidemiologic Transition Stage 3 & 4

Answer 36

Degenerative diseases (e.g., heart disease, cancer).

Question 37

Epidemiologic Transition Stage 5

Answer 37

Reemergence of infectious diseases (e.g., antibiotic resistance).