Unit 2 Chap 2

Question 1

Teleological ethics (Aristotle) purpose-driven

Answer 1

All humans aim for happiness (eudaimonia)

All good life is about practicing virtue

Moral actions help you become your best-self

Question 2

How does Aristotle define “The good”

Answer 2

Good is reaching your purpose as a human, which is happiness through virtue

Question 3

Deontological ethics (Kant) - duty driven

Answer 3

Moral actions are done from duty, not just emotion

Categorical imperative - act according to the rules you want everyone to follow

People should be treated as ends, not means. End has value in itself - not used for something else

Question 4

How does Kant define “the good”

Answer 4

Good is doing the right thing because it is your moral duty, regardless of personal benefit

Question 5

Relational ethics (Levinas) - relationship driven

Answer 5

We encounter the face of the other (vulnerable, the poor, etc) which calls for us to be responsible

Ethics starts not with rules, or purpose but with a relationship. When we see someone suffer it calls us to help—now being in a relationship of responsibility.

God is found in the face of the suffering or vulnerable

Question 6

What is levinas definition of “The Good”

Answer 6

Good is found is the face of the other, awakening our moral obligation in us to care and respond.

Question 8

Key visuals from levinas thoery

Answer 8

The face as the trace of god
Every human face carries the mystery of the divine and demands a response.

The face makes us responsible - you can’t ignore someone’s suffering once you’ve truly seen their face.

Beyond the visible - like the sun beyond the picture, god is beyond what we can see—but we catch a glimpse through the trace in others.