Unit 2: chapter 5 vocab

Question 1

the branch of government charged with putting the nation’s laws into effect

Answer 1

executive branch

Question 2

powers expressly granted in the Consitution

Answer 2

formal or enumerated powers

Question 3

powers not laid out in the Constitution but used to carry out presidential duties

Answer 3

informal powers

Question 4

an agreement with a foreign government negotiated by the president and requiring a two-thirds vote in the senate to ratify

Answer 4

treaty

Question 5

the annual speech from the president to Congress updating that branch on the state of national affairs

Answer 5

state of the union address

Question 6

formal rejection by the president of a bill that has passed both houses of congress

Answer 6

veto

Question 7

an informal veto caused when the president chooses not to sign a bill within ten days, during a time when congress has adjourned at the end of a session

Answer 7

pocket veto

Question 8

presidential authority to releases individuals convicted of a crime from legal consequences and set aside punishment for a crime

Answer 8

presidential pardon

Question 9

a right claimed by presidents to keep certain conversations, records, and transcripts confidential from outside scrutiny, especially that of Congress.

Answer 9

executive privilege

Question 10

an agreement between a president and another nation that does not have the same durability in the American system as a treaty but does not require Senate ratification.

Answer 10

executive agreement

Question 11

Hamilton argues that an energetic single executive will protect against foreign attacks, provide for the administration of laws, and protect liberty and property

Answer 11

Federalist no. 70

Question 12

written comments issued by presidents while signing a bill into law that usually consist of political statements or reasons for signing the bill but that may also include a president’s interpretation of the law itself.

Answer 12

signing statement

Question 13

policy directives issued by presidents that do not require congressional approval.

Answer 13

executive order

Question 14

a law passed over President Nixon’s veto that restricts the power of the president to maintain troops in combat for more than sixty days without congressional authorization.

Answer 14

War Powers Resolution

Question 15

the process of removing a president from office, with articles of impeachment issued by a majority vote in the House of Representatives, followed by a trial in the Senate, with a two-thirds vote necessary to convict and remove.

Answer 15

impeachment

Question 16

a collection of offices within the White House organization designed mainly to provide information to the president.

Answer 16

Executive Office of the President

Question 17

an informal tool used by the president to persuade members of Congress to support his or her policy initiatives.

Answer 17

bargaining and persuasion

Question 18

presidential appeals to the public to pressure other branches of government to support his or her policies.

Answer 18

bully pulpit

Question 19

a tactic through which presidents reach out directly to the American people with the hope that the people will, in turn, put pressure upon their representatives and senators to press for a president’s policy goals.

Answer 19

going public