Unit 2: Chemistry of life Flashcards
(19 cards)
What are protons?
-Positive charge
-Located in nucleus
What are neutrons?
-Neutral charge
-In the nucleus
What are electrons?
-Negative charge
-rotating around the nucleus
What is the atomic number?
The number of protons in an element
How do you know how many neutrons are in an element?
You would have to subtract the atomic number from the atomic mass
Which four elements take up 96 percent of the human body?
CHON
-carbon
-hydrogen
-oxygen
-nitrogen
What is an organic molecule?
Has to have hydrogens bonded to carbons
What is a covalent bond?
Two atoms share a pair of electrons
What is an ionic bond?
An electron is transferred from one atom to another
What are reactants?
The starting materials for a chemical reaction
What are products?
New compounds that form in a chemical reaction
What is a chemical reaction?
Changes in color, taste, temperature, and smell. A gas or precipitate might form. The changes are irreversible.
What is a physical reaction?
Only changes in shape or phase. The original compound is still present. No new product is formed.
What is an acidic ion?
A solution with an abundance of H+ ions
What is a basic ion?
A solution with an abundance of OH- ions
What is a neutral ion?
Solutions with similar numbers of both ions
What are carbohydrates?
-provide energy quickly
-these biomolecules contain two hydrogens for each oxygen
What are lipids?
- help cushion vital organs and provide insulation
- these biomolecules contain long fatty acid tails attached to a glycerol head group
What are proteins?
- Enzymes belong to the category
- amino acids are the building blocks for these biomolecules
