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Physics > Unit 2- Electricity > Flashcards

Unit 2- Electricity Flashcards

(62 cards)

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1
Q

Equation for charge

A

Current x time

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2
Q

The greater resistance across a component….

A

The smaller the current that flows through it

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3
Q

What is potential difference

A

A potential difference of 1 volt tells us that 1 joule of energy is transferred for each coulomb of charge that is moving through the circuit

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4
Q

What is resistance

A

Anything in the circuit which slows the flow down

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5
Q

How is current split through a circuit in series

A

Current is the same everywhere

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6
Q

Potential difference equation

A

Current x resistance

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7
Q

How is ohmic conductor represented on a graph

A

Constant gradient (temp)

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8
Q

What does a filament lamp look like on a graph

A

Curved line, as temp increases so does resistance

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9
Q

What does diode look like on graph

A

Flat line across then a curve upwards, diode has very high resistance

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10
Q

What is a LDR (light dependant resistor)

A

Resistor that is dependant on intensity of light, in darkness the resistance is highest

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11
Q

What is a thermistor resistor

A

Temp dependant resistor, in hot condition resistance drops so much less energy needed for current to pass through thermistor. In cool conditions the resistance increases

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12
Q

Are voltmeters connected in parallel or series

A

Parallel

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13
Q

How is potential difference split up in series

A

Is shared between components, so potential difference will always add up to the source potential difference

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14
Q

How is current split up in parallel

A

Shared between branches , it will add up to total current leaving the cell

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15
Q

How is potential difference split up in parallel

A

Same across all components

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16
Q

What is frequency of mains supply

A

50 Hz

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17
Q

What type of current is mains supply

A

Alternating current

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18
Q

What type of current is battery supply

A

Direct current

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19
Q

What colour is the neutral wire and what does it do

A

Blue , completes the circuit (0v)

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20
Q

What colour is the live wire and what does it do.

A

Brown, provides alternating potential difference (230v) from mains supply, connected to the fuse

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21
Q

What is the potential difference of mains supply

A

230 v

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22
Q

What colour is earth wire and what does it do

A

Green and yellow, protecting the wiring and for safety (0v)

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23
Q

What wire will give you an electric shock

A

Live wire

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24
Q

Power equation

A

Potential difference x current

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25
What changes the potential difference in the national grid
Transformer (step up) (step down)
26
What is an ohmic conductor
Resistor at a constant temp
27
What does the diode symbol look like
Play symbol
28
What does an LED symbol look like
Play symbol with arrows coming off it
29
What does electric charges cause
An electric field, the closer to the object you get, the stronger the field is
30
What is direct potential difference
Potential difference that always flows in same direction
31
What happens to potential difference across an LDR and current in an LDR
P.d= increases Current= decreases
32
Disadvantages of generating electricity using nuclear power stations
Non renewable Produce radioactive waste
33
Advantages of nuclear energy
Carbon free electricity, reliable energy source, high power output
34
Name one fuel used in nuclear power stations?
Uranium
35
How would carbon capture prevent build up of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere
Carbon dioxide would not be released and instead would be caught and stored in huge containers
36
Why will the driver become charged when driving
Clothes and seat will rub together and electrons will transfer from driver to seat
37
How does an object become charged
Insulating materials rub against each other, electrons will transfer on to the other object
38
What affects charge
Temperature, humidity
39
Why don’t insulators conduct electricity
Electrons cannot move through them
40
What can a build up of electrostatic charge cause
A speak which could trigger an explosion
41
What does the national grid consist of
Transformers and high voltage cables
42
What is the disadvantage of the power cables in the national grid
Energy is always lost in the cables due to the resistance of the wires
43
How can we reduce energy lost in the national grid
-building power stations closer to our homes
44
Why does the step up transformers increase the potential difference
Because then less energy is lost in the power cables when the potential difference is high
45
What does alternating current mean
The flow of electrons move in the forward and the reverse direction
46
What are wires in a plug made out of and why
Copper which is a good conductor of electricity
47
What is the potential difference of the earth
0 volts
48
If the case becomes live what will happen
A huge amount of current will flow to the earth, the fuse will then melt and shut off the current, this prevents anyone from getting an electric shock from the case
49
What is direct current
The current from a cell is only moving in one direction
50
Benefit of alternating current
Very easy to use a transformer to increase or decrease the potential difference
51
Which direction does current flow
From the negative end of the cell to the positive end
52
Which way do scientists draw the current and what do they call this
Draw it in the opposite direction (positive to negative) this is called conventional current
53
What is charge
The size of the electrical current is the rate of the flow of electrical charge
54
What is the x axis in a ohmic graph / diode/ filament / LED
Potential difference
55
What is the y axis on a ohmic / LED / diode / filament graph
Current
56
In an ohmic conductor graph what is one condition that would result in the graph being directly proportional
If the temperature is constant
57
Negative of a filament lamp
Not very efficient
58
What does filament mean
(Contains) a very thin wire
59
Key feature of a diode
Current flows in only one direction, the diode has very high resistance in the other direction
60
Why is there a flat line on the graph for a diode
Because there is no current in the reverse direction
61
Uses for diodes in a circuit
Useful for controlling the flow of current in circuits
62
Where can you find LEDs in real life
Flash on phone, led lightbulbs, led televisions

Physics (8 decks)

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