Unit 2: Identification Methods

Question 1

Reasons why horse identification is important

Answer 1

1. horse theft
2. proof of ownership or transfer of ownership
   3, ability to return stolen horses/deter theft
3. needed to register into breed organization
4. advertising method (permanent ID)

Question 2

colorings and markings

Answer 2

signalments

Question 3

7 types of signalment description IDs

Answer 3

1. body color
2. head markings
3. eye color
4. leg markings
5. chestnuts
6. cowlicks or whorls
7. scars and blemishes

Question 4

solid horse colors

Answer 4

black, bay, brown, chestnut (sorrel), buckskin, gray, white, palomino

Question 5

4 types of body color

Answer 5

1. solid color
2. roan
3. paint or pinto
4. appaloosa

Question 6

colors of roan

Answer 6

red and blue

Question 7

what si recorded for appaloosa coloring

Answer 7

base color & coat pattern

Question 8

head markings are always what color

Answer 8

white

Question 9

7 types of head markings

Answer 9

1. star
2. star & stripe
3. star & snip
4. narrow strip, connected star, strip, & snip
5. blaze
6. connected star & connected strip, and a snip
7. bald

Question 10

where is a snip

Answer 10

on the nose

Question 11

what is a blaze

Answer 11

forehead and nose (doesn’t include around the eyes)

Question 12

2 eye colors

Answer 12

brown & blue/glass

Question 13

5 types of leg markings

Answer 13

1. coronet
2 pastern
3. sock
4. half stocking 
5. stockings

Question 14

tiny sliver above hoof

Answer 14

coronet marking

Question 15

covers all of pastern, stops before fetlock

Answer 15

pastern marking

Question 16

white includes fetlock and a little above

Answer 16

sock

Question 17

white to midpoint of cannon bone

Answer 17

half stocking

Question 18

white to knee/hock

Answer 18

stockings

Question 19

hardened areas of skin on leg

Answer 19

chestnuts

Question 20

what is “used like a fingerprint”

Answer 20

chestnuts

Question 21

unique patterns, sizes, combinations in hair

Answer 21

cowlicks/whorls

Question 22

where are cowlicks mostly found

Answer 22

forehead, neck, flank

Question 23

3 things to record about cowlicks

Answer 23

direction, size, patterns

Question 24

4 permanent ID methods

Answer 24

1. hot iron, or fire, branding
2. freeze branding
3. electronic ID
4. lip tattoos

Question 25

one of the oldest methods of permanent ID

Answer 25

hot iron or fire branding

Question 26

results in permanent hair loss in that area

Answer 26

hot iron or fire branding

Question 27

newer, less painful method of permanent ID

Answer 27

freeze branding

Question 28

freeze branding uses an iron chilled in

Answer 28

liquid nitrogen

Question 29

hair that grows back where brand was is white

Answer 29

freeze branding

Question 30

uses date of birth, breed, & registration # applied to neck or under mane registered into national data bank

Answer 30

Alpha Angle System

Question 31

the alpha angle system is associated with...

Answer 31

freeze branding

Question 32

microchip implants

Answer 32

electronic ID

Question 33

why is electronic identification preferred

Answer 33

because it doesn't change the outward appearance

Question 34

lip tattoos are made of

Answer 34

letters and numbers

Question 35

where are lip tattoos located

Answer 35

inside of upper lip

Question 36

____ ___ requires lip tattoos on all racing Thoroughbreds

Answer 36

Jockey Club

Question 37

lip tattoos begin to blur and fade after how many years

Answer 37

4-5

Question 38

least permanent form of permanent identification methods

Answer 38

lip tattoos

Question 39

2 methods used to determine if actual descendant of a particular sire and dam

Answer 39

1. blood typing | 2. DNA testing

Question 40

the genetic blood group markers

Answer 40

ABO & Rh system

Question 41

electrical current to separate molecules according to genetic makeup

Answer 41

electrophoretic methods

Question 42

parentage verification that doesn't require blood samples

Answer 42

DNA testing

Question 43

what is DNA testing run from

Answer 43

hair from mane or tail hairs, or nasal swab