unit 2 key area 1

Question 1

what are metabolic pathways

Answer 1

integrated and controlled pathways of enzyme-catalysed reactions within a cell

Question 2

what kind of steps do metabolic pathways have

Answer 2

reversible, irreversible, and alternative routes

Question 3

what is an anabolic reaction

Answer 3

build up large molecules from smaller ones and requires energy

Question 4

what is an catabolic reaction

Answer 4

breaks down larger molecules into smaller ones and releases energy

Question 5

what is the function of the cell membrane

Answer 5

to control the entry and exit of materials into and out of the cell

Question 6

what is the plasma membrane composed of

Answer 6

proteins and phospholipids

Question 7

what is the function of proteins embedded in the membrane

Answer 7

act as pores pumps and enzymes

Question 8

what is a metabolic pathway controlled by

Answer 8

the presence or absence of particular enzymes

Question 9

what is the activation energy of a reaction

Answer 9

the minimum energy required for molecules to be able to react together in a cell

Question 10

how does a catalyst/enzyme affect activation energy

Answer 10

lower it

Question 11

what has a high affinity for the active site

Answer 11

substrate

Question 12

what has a low affinity for the active site

Answer 12

products

Question 13

what is the induced fit theory

Answer 13

active site changes shape to better fit the substrate after it binds

Question 14

what factors affect an enzyme-catalysed reaction

Answer 14

concentration of enzyme and substrate