Unit 2 key terms

Question 1

Population distribution

Answer 1

is where people live in a geographic area

Question 2

Climate

Answer 2

is a long term pattern of weather that affects the population distribution indirectly or directly

Question 3

Temperate climates

Answer 3

moderate temperature and good precipitation

Question 4

Landforms

Answer 4

natural features of the earth’s surface

Question 5

Human migration

Answer 5

people move from one place to another permanently

Question 6

population density

Answer 6

the number of people occupying a certain area of land

Question 7

Arithmetic density

Answer 7

measure the number of people per unit area of land

Question 8

Physiological density

Answer 8

number of people per arable land

Question 9

Agricultural Density

Answer 9

measure number of farmers per unit of arable land

Question 10

subsistence agriculture

Answer 10

farming done for survival purposes only

Question 11

carrying capacity

Answer 11

the maximum number of people an environment can withstand

Question 12

dependency ratio

Answer 12

number of people in a dependent age group (under 15, over 65)

Question 13

sex ratio

Answer 13

number of males and females in a population

Question 14

Demographics

Answer 14

data about the structure and characteristics of a population

Question 15

Fertility

Answer 15

the ability to produce children

Question 16

crude birth rate (CBR)

Answer 16

number of births in a year per 1000 people

Question 17

Total fertility rate (TFR)

Answer 17

the number of children a woman in a particular region will give birth to in her child bearing years

Question 18

Mortality

Answer 18

number of deaths in a population

Question 19

Crude death rate CDR

Answer 19

Number of deaths per year per 1000 people in a region

Question 20

Infant mortality rate

Answer 20

the number of deaths of children under the age of 1 per 1000 live births per year

Question 21

Life expectancy rate

Answer 21

the number of years of person is expected to live

Question 22

Population pyramids

Answer 22

give age-sex ratio to determine if the population is growing or not

Question 23

rate of natural increase (INR)

Answer 23

the difference between the CBR and CDR in a defined group of people

Question 24

Doubling time

Answer 24

number of years it will take a country for its population to double

Question 25

urbanization

Answer 25

growth and development of cities

Question 26

overpopulation

Answer 26

population that exceeds it carrying capacity

Question 27

Antinatalist

Answer 27

governments who want to curb the population by discouraging the population in having a smaller amount of kids

Question 28

Pronatalist

Answer 28

governments who want to increase the population and encourage the population to have more kids

Question 29

Land degradation

Answer 29

when the soil has been affected by long term damage and can no longer support crops

Question 30

Mobility

Answer 30

all types of movement from one place to another whether its short distance or long distance

Question 31

circulation

Answer 31

temporary, repetitive movements

Question 32

Emigration

Answer 32

moving away from a place

Question 33

Immigration

Answer 33

Moving to a new place

Question 34

Net migration

Answer 34

the difference between immigration and emigration in a specific place

Question 35

Push factor

Answer 35

pushes people away from a place

Question 36

pull factor

Answer 36

pulls people toward a place

Question 37

Voluntary motivation

Answer 37

when people make a choice to move

Question 38

Forced migration

Answer 38

when people are forced to migrate due to political, natural or cultural problems

Question 39

Transnational migration

Answer 39

when people move from one country to another

Question 40

Internal migration

Answer 40

migration within a country's borders

Question 41

Friction of distance

Answer 41

the longer a journey takes, the more time, effort and money it costs.

Question 42

Transhumance

Answer 42

nomads move with their cattle to higher cooler elevations in the summer, and lower elevations in the winter

Question 43

Chain migration

Answer 43

when people follow others and move out of their home country for the same reasons

Question 44

Step migration

Answer 44

series of small moves to get to the final destination

Question 45

Intervening obstacle

Answer 45

A situation that holds back people from migrating

Question 46

Intervening opportunity

Answer 46

An opportunity that stops people from moving

Question 47

Guest workers

Answer 47

People that move to work as temporary workers

Question 48

Circular migrants

Answer 48

people who move back and forth from their country of origin and their new one

Question 49

Refugees

Answer 49

people who have been forced to move out because of fear of death

Question 50

Assylum

Answer 50

right to have protection in a new country

Question 51

Internally displaced persons

Answer 51

people who had to flee but still remained in the country's borders

Question 52

Human trafficking

Answer 52

recruiting, transporting and harboring of humans in an improper way.

Question 53

Interregional migration

Answer 53

when people move from one region to another across the world

Question 54

intraregional migration

Answer 54

when people move between regions within their country

Question 55

Quota

Answer 55

limits set on how many immigrants can come to a country per year

Question 56

Kinship links

Answer 56

network of friends and family

Question 57

Skill gap

Answer 57

shortage of people who have specific skills

Question 58

Brain drain

Answer 58

when all of the educated people of a country move to a different -often richer- country