unit 2 lesson 1-5

Question 1

what is an infection

Answer 1

a condition that exists when pathogens enter the body and the body reacts to them

Question 2

what is a pathogen

Answer 2

a disease causing micro organism such as certain bacteria or viruses

Question 3

what is a disease

Answer 3

the breakdown of a part of the body or the failure of the body to work properly

Question 4

what is mucous membranes

Answer 4

wet, sticky membranes in the mouth and nose that trap pathogens

Question 5

what is the immune system

Answer 5

is the body system that fights pathogens

Question 6

what are white blood cells

Answer 6

blood cells that fight pathogens

Question 7

what is an antibody

Answer 7

a protein made by white blood cells to fight specific pathogens

Question 8

what is AIDS

Answer 8

Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome a disorder that prevents the body’s immune system from defending itself against pathogens

Question 9

what is the germ theory

Answer 9

Louis Pasture proposed that diseases were caused by tiny living things. Where microorganisms caused infectous disease

Question 10

what is bacteria

Answer 10

are one celled organisms without a nucleus

Question 11

what is a virus

Answer 11

a tiny particle that can reproduce only inside the cells of living things

Question 12

what is a communicable disease

Answer 12

a disease that can be passed from one person to another through pathogens

Question 13

what is an epidemic

Answer 13

a communicable disease that spreads out of control

Question 14

what is a noncommunicable disease

Answer 14

a disease that can’t be passed from one person to another

Question 15

what is a hereditary disease

Answer 15

that is caused by genes

Question 16

what is cancer

Answer 16

a noncomunicable disease that is characterized by uncontrolled cell growth

Question 17

what is an allergy

Answer 17

a strong reaction by the body’s immune system

Question 18

what is an allergen

Answer 18

a substance that causes an allergic reaction

Question 19

what is a nutritional disease

Answer 19

caused by a poor diet

Question 20

what is Quackery

Answer 20

the marketing cures that have little health benefit or none at all

Question 21

what is a vaccine

Answer 21

a medicine made of dead or weakened pathogens that help the body build defenses against the disease that the pathogens cause

Question 22

what is an antibiotic

Answer 22

a drug that slows the growth of bacteria

Question 23

what is nutrition

Answer 23

the body’s process of taking in and using food

Question 24

what is an endorphin

Answer 24

a chemical released by the brain to reduce pain

Question 25

what are the body's defense to fight infection and disease

Answer 25

``` tears mucous membranes ear wax friendly bacteria stomach acid dead skin cells coughs or sneezes ```

Question 26

how do white blood cells fight pathogens

Answer 26

1 white blood cells recognize invading pathogens | 2 then they begin to make specific antibodies

Question 27

how do vaccines work

Answer 27

they are strong enough to cause your body to produce antibodies

Question 28

how do antibiotics work

Answer 28

1 they can change the shape of the bacteria cells so that they can no longer reproduce 2 bacteria cells stretch out longer and thinner until they break open and die

Question 29

list 4 ways to improve your immune system

Answer 29

1 nutritious diet 2 regular exercise 3 proper rest 4 stress management

Question 30

what are the most common groups of pathogens

Answer 30

bacteria or virus

Question 31

3 ways pathogens are spread

Answer 31

``` blood transfer air borne other bodily fluids handshake animals ```

Question 32

what causes a communicable diseases

Answer 32

CONTAMINATED DRINKING WATER

Question 33

examples of a communicable disease

Answer 33

cold | flu

Question 34

examples of a noncommunicable disease

Answer 34

heart disease cancer diabetes

Question 35

who was Edward Jenner

Answer 35

developed vaccine for small pox

Question 36

who was Louis Pasture

Answer 36

developed vaccines and pasturization

Question 37

who was Alexander Flemming

Answer 37

discovered penicillin

Question 38

what is an antibody

Answer 38

an antibody is a protein made by white blood cells to fight a specific protein

Question 39

what system fights pathogens

Answer 39

the immune system

Question 40

what is a disease

Answer 40

a disease is the breakdown of part of the body or the failure of the body to work properly

Question 41

what is HIV

Answer 41

the virus that causes AIDS

Question 42

what is an infection

Answer 42

an infection is a condition that exists when pathogens enter the body and the body reacts to them

Question 43

how do antibiotics work

Answer 43

antibiotics kill and slow the growth of bacteria

Question 44

how do vaccines work

Answer 44

the dead or weakened virus in a vaccine cause your body to produce antibodies then if you are exposed to the viruse the antibodies protect you

Question 45

how do white blood cells fight off pathogens

Answer 45

white blood cells produce antibodies to fight off pathogens

Question 46

explain three ways you can care for your immune system

Answer 46

1 exercise 2stress relief 3nutritional eating

Question 47

what are the two most common groups of pathogens

Answer 47

bacteria and viruses

Question 48

name three noncummunicable diseases that are among the leading causes of death in north america

Answer 48

cancer diabeties heart disease