UNIT 2: “LESSON 1: CROSS CULTURAL BUSINESS”

Question 1

—the set of values, beliefs, rules, and institutions held by a specific
group of people.

Answer 1

culture

Question 2

the belief that one’s own ethnic group or culture is superior to that of others.

Answer 2

Ethnocentricity

Question 3

detailed knowledge about a culture that enable a person to work happily and effectively within it.

Answer 3

cross-cultural literacy

Question 4

building museums and erecting monuments to preserve the legacies of important events and people.

Answer 4

national culture

Question 5

A group of people who share a unique way of life within a larger, dominant culture is called a

Answer 5

subculture.

Question 6

A people’s _______ is a very visible and foundational feature of culture that influences personal communication

Answer 6

physical environment

Question 7

All the technology used in a culture to manufacture goods and provide services is called

Answer 7

material culture.

Question 8

Ideas, beliefs, and customs to which people are emotionally attached are called

Answer 8

values.

Question 9

______are positive or negative evaluations, feelings, and tendencies that individuals harbor toward objects or concepts.

Answer 9

Attitude / Attitudes

Question 10

Appropriate ways of behaving, speaking, and dressing in a culture are called

Answer 10

manners

Question 11

embodies a culture’s fundamental organization, including its groups and institutions, its system of social positions and their relationships, and the process by which its resources are distributed.

Answer 11

Social structure

Question 12

Three important elements of social structure that differ across cultures

Answer 12

social group associations, social status, and social mobility.

Question 13

a collection of two or more people who identify and interact with each other.

Answer 13

social group

Question 14

Types of Groups. There are several types of social groups.

Answer 14

Primary group, Secondary group, and reference group

Question 15

a small group of people who share close personal relationships that form early in lie and endure through time.

Answer 15

primary group

Question 16

is larger, less personal, and less enduring than a primary group.

Answer 16

secondary group

Question 17

is one that people use as a standard (or reference) for their own preferences, beliefs, attitudes, or behaviors.

Answer 17

reference group

Question 18

There are two different types of family groups.

Answer 18

Nuclear family and extended family

Question 19

consists of a person’s immediate relatives, including parents, brothers and sisters.

Answer 19

nuclear family

Question 20

broadens the nuclear family and adds grandparents, aunts and uncles, cousins, and relatives through marriage.

Answer 20

extended family

Question 21

Some cultures stress______-, in which group concerns (or society) are more important than individual needs and desires.

Answer 21

collectivism

Question 22

Other cultures stress ______, in which individual concerns take precedence over the welfare of the group.

Answer 22

individualism

Question 23

Another important aspect of social structure is the way a culture divides it population according to _____

Answer 23

Status

Question 24

The process of ranking people into social layers or classes is called

Answer 24

social stratification.

Question 25

An _________ is a direct determination of social class based on socioeconomic variables.

Answer 25

objective social status ranking

Question 26

a _______, people place themselves into various categories, relying mostly on income and, to a lesser extent, education as powerful determinants.

Answer 26

social status ranking

Question 27

______ is the ease with which individuals can move up or down a culture’s “social ladder.”

Answer 27

Social mobility

Question 28

is a system of social stratification in which people are born into a social ranking, or caste, with little or **no opportunity for social mobility.**

Answer 28

Caste system

Question 29

is a system of social stratification in which personal ability and actions determine social status and mobility.

Answer 29

class system

Question 30

is crucial for passing on traditions, customs, and values. Each culture educates its young people through schooling, parenting, religious teachings, and group memberships.

Answer 30

Education