Unit 2 - Marketing Flashcards
(64 cards)
1
Q
Why is good communication important in a business?
A
- clear instructions
- improves efficiency
- enhances teamwork
- prevents misunderstandings
2
Q
What are some different methods of communication?
A
- Verbal (meetings or phone calls)
- Written (emails or reports)
- Visual (diagrams or presentations)
- Digital (video calls or instant messaging)
3
Q
What are the benefits of using IT in communication?
A
- Faster communication
- Wider outreach
- Cost efficiency
- Easy storage and retrieval of information
4
Q
What are some limitations of using IT in communication?
A
- Technical issues
- Security risks
- Reliance on internet access
- Lack of personal touch
5
Q
What are common barriers to communication?
A
- Language differences
- Technical issues
- Distractions
- Poor listening
- Unclear messages
6
Q
How can business remove communication barriers?
A
- Use clear language
- Provide training
- Use appropriate communication methods
- Ensure good feedback mechanisms
7
Q
What are the 4 main types of employment?
A
- Full-time
- Part-time
- Job Share
- Temporary/Casual/Seasonal
8
Q
What is a job description?
A
A document outlining the duties, responsibilities and expectations of a job role
9
Q
What is a person specification?
A
A document detailing the skills, qualifications, and experience required for a job
10
Q
What is an application used for?
A
To collect structured information from job applicants
11
Q
What is a CV (curriculum vitae)?
A
A summary of a person’s education, work experience and skills
12
Q
What are the two types of recruitment?
A
- Internal Recruitment (hiring from within the business)
- External Recruitment (hiring from outside the business)
13
Q
What are the advantages of internal recruitment?
A
- Cheaper
- Faster
- The employee is already familiar with the business
- Boosts morale
14
Q
What are the disadvantages of internal recruitment?
A
- Limits new ideas
- Creates another vacancy
- May cause jealousy among employees
15
Q
What are the steps in the recruitment process?
A
Job advertisement > Shortlisting > Interviewing > Hiring
16
Q
What are some legal controls over employment?
A
- Equal opportunities laws (against discrimination based on gender, race, disability, religion, sexual orientation, age)
- Minimum wage laws
17
Q
Why is training important for businesses and workers?
A
- Improves skills
- Increases productivity
- Ensures compliance with health and safety laws
- Boosts employee morale
18
Q
What are the 3 types of training?
A
- Induction training
- On-the-job training
- Off-the-job training
19
Q
Induction Training
A
Introduces new employees to the business
20
Q
On-the-job Training
A
Training while working, usually by a senior employee
21
Q
Off-the-job Training
A
External training, such as courses or workshops
22
Q
What are the benefits of on-the-job training?
A
- Cost-effective
- Employees learn specific job-related skills
- Hands on experience
23
Q
What are the benefits of off-the-job training
A
- Specialist training
- Employees learn new techniques
- No work distractions
24
Q
What are the limitations of training?
A
- Expensive
- Time consuming
- Employees may leave after training
25
Why is motivation important in the workplace?
- It attracts employees
- It retains staff
- It increases productivity
26
What are the 3 main motivational theories?
- Herzberg (Hygiene & Motivators)
- Maslow (Hierarchy of Needs)
- Taylor (Money as Motivation)
27
What are the 5 financial methods of motivation?
- Remuneration: Regular pay/salary
- Bonus: Extra payment for meeting targets
- Commission: Payment based on sales performance
- Promotion: Higher job position with more responsibility
- Fringe Benefits: Extra perks like company cars, gym memberships
28
What are non-financial methods of motivation?
- Job Rotation: Switching roles to prevent boredom
- Job Enrichment: Giving employees more responsibilities and challenges
- Autonomy - Allowing employees to make decisions
29
What is an organisational chart?
A diagram that shows the structure of a business, including the different levels of authority and how employees are connected
30
Define a Hierarchical Business Structure
A business structure with multiple layers of management, where authority flows from top to bottom
31
What are features of a hierarchical structure?
- Clearly defined roles and responsibilities
- Long chain of command
- Narrow span of control
- Formal communication
- Suited for large businesses with many employees
32
Advantages of a hierarchical structure
- Clear chain of command
- Opportunities for promotion motivate employees
- Specialisation improves efficiency
33
Disadvantages of a Hierarchical structure
- Slow decision making due to multiple layers
- High administrative costs
- Reduced flexibility
34
Define a Flat Structure in businesses
A structure with fewer management levels, allowing for quicker decision-making and communication
35
What are 4 features of a Flat Structure?
- Short chain of command
- Wide span of control
- Fewer levels of management
- More employee autonomy
36
What are some advantages of a flat stucture?
- Faster communication and decision-making
- Lower management costs
- Employees may feel more valued and motivated
37
What are some disadvantages of a flat structure
- Limited career progression opportunities
- Managers may become overburdened
- Employees may lack supervision
38
Define a centralised structure
Decision-making is controlled at the top of the hierarchy and passed down to lower levels
39
3 advantages of a centralised structure
- Ensures consistency in decision making
- Strong leadership and control
- Reduces duplication of work
40
Disadvantages of a centralised structure
- Slower decision-making
- Less autonomy for employees
- Top management may be overloaded
41
Define a decentralised structure
Decision making is distributed to different departments or locations
42
3 advantages of a decentralised structure
- Faster decision-making
- Employees have more responsibility
- Adapts better to local conditions
43
3 disadvantages of a decentralised structure
- Inconsistent decision-making across departments
- Potential lack of coordination
- Risk of managers making poor decisions
44
Define span of control
The number of employees a manager is directly responsible for
45
Info Card
Wide Span of Control: A manager oversees many employees - may lead to less supervision but lower costs
Narrow Span of Control: A manager oversees a few employees - allows for better supervision but increased costs
46
3 Factors that affect span of control
- Complexity of tasks
- Skills & experience of employees
- Level of supervision required
47
Define chain of command
The path of authority along which instructions are passed within an organisation
48
Info Card
✅ A longer chain of command:
- Exists in hierarchical structures
- Slows down decision-making
49
Info Card
✅ A shorter chain of command:
-Exists in flat structures
-Speeds up communication
50
Define delegation
The process of passing down authority from a manager to an employee
51
Advantages of Delegation
- Frees up management time
- Motivates Employees
- Develops employee skills
52
Disadvantages of Delegation
- Employees may lack necessary skills
- Managers remain accountable for delegated tasks
53
Define HR
Human Resources - The department responsible for managing employees
54
What are the key roles of HR
Workforce Planning - ensuring the business has the right number of employees
Recruitment and selection - Hiring suitable candidates
Training - Developing employee skills
Health & Safety - Ensuring a safe work environment
Staff welfare - Supporting employee well-being
Employment issues - dealing with contracts, benefits, and policies
Industrial relations - managing relationships with trade unions
Disciplinary & Grievance procedures - handling employee misconduct
Dismissal & Redundancy - managing employee exits
55
Why is HR important?
- Ensures employees are productive
- Maintains legal compliance
- Improves motivation and retention
56
Define Finance Department
The department responsible for managing business money
57
What are the key functions of the finance department?
Wages and Salaries - Ensuring employees are paid correctly
Cash-Flow forecasting - Predicting money inflows and outflows
Budgeting - Planning financial resources
Accounting - tracking expenses, revenues, and profits
58
Why is the Finance Department important?
- Ensures the business remains financially stable
- Helps with decision making
59
Define the role of the Marketing Department
The department responsible for promoting and selling products
60
What are the key functions of the Marketing department?
Market Research - understanding customer needs
Product Planning - developing new products
Pricing - setting competitive prices
Sales promotion - discounts, special offers
Advertising - raising awareness of the product
Customer service - ensuring customer satisfaction
Public Relations - managing the company's image
Packaging & distribution - ensuring products reach customers
61
What is the importance of the marketing department
- Attracts and retains customers
- Increases sales revenue
62
Define the role of the production department
The department responsible for making and designing products.
63
What are the key functions of the production department?
Manufacturing - producing goods efficiently
Designing new products - improving innovation
Quality control - ensuring products meet standards
Stock control - managing inventory
64
What is the importance of the production department?
- Ensures efficient production
- Reduces waste and costs
- Maintains product quality
