Unit 2 - Project Life Cycles Flashcards
(23 cards)
What is a project life cycle?
Essential for project management as it provides systematic and structured approaches to completing a project
What is an element that all project life cycles have?
They are broken into phases.
between each phase is a checkpoint, known as a ‘gate’, and this allows the PM to have management and control at critical stages.
What are the 3 main life cycles?
- Linear (waterfall)
- Iterative (Agile)
- Hybrid
What approach does a Linear life cycle have?
A structured approach, usually used when there is certainty around a project.
What are the four phases of a Linear life cycle?
Briefly explain these phases
- Concept phase - when and idea or project is conceptualised
- Definition phase - making the boundaries, details and the scope (this can also be known as the planning stage)
- Deployment phase - where the actions happen. physical work towards the project begins
- Transition phase - the project is handed to those who need it (sponsor)
What is Extended Lifecycle?
Focuses on realising benefits after the handover
The project team disband after the transition phase so this is when the project outcomes are handed over to the sponsor/organisation.
What is the Product Lifecycle?
This is how long the product/outcome/output of a project is used before it is scrapped, sold or shut down.
What approach does an Iterative Lifecycle have?
Repeats one or more phases before moving into the next with the objective of managing a project that has an uncertain scope.
What are the 8 phases of a Iterative Lifecycle?
- Initial planning phase
- Planning Phase
- Requirements Phase
- Analysis and Design Phase
- Implementation Phase
- Testing Phase
- Evaluation Phase
- Deployment Phase
What is the Initial Planning Phase in an Agile Lifecycle?
What are some of the activities?
Defines the overall goals and scope of the project.
Activities include:
- identifying stakeholders and their requirements
- Defining project objectives and constraints
- Developing a high level plan for the project
What is the Planning Phase in an Agile Lifecycle?
What are some of the activities?
Detailed planning based on the information gathered in the initial planning phase.
Activities include;
- Break down the project into smaller tasks
- Define roles and responsibilities
- Create a detailed project schedule
- Allocate resources and budget
What is the requirements phase in an agile lifecycle?
What are some of the activities?
Gather and document detailed requirements.
Activities include:
- collect and analyse user needs and expectations
- Document functional and non-functional requirements
- Validate requirements with stakeholders
What is the analysis and design phase of an agile lifecycle?
what do some activities include?
Detail system architecture and design based on requirements.
Activities include:
- analyse requirements, breaking them doing into smaller components
- develop system and design specifications
- create prototypes/mock-ups for user feedback
what is the implementation phase in an agile lifecycle?
what so some activities include?
Building the software based on the design specifications
Activities include:
- write code according to specifications
- perform testing on individual components
- integrate components into the complete system
What is the testing phase in an agile lifecycle?
what do activities include?
verifying software meets specified requirements and it is free of any defects
activities include:
- conduct various testing types
- identify and fix defects
- verify functions are as intended
What is the evaluation phase of an agile life cycle?
what do some activities include?
Assess the software against project goals and user needs.
Activities include:
- gather feedback from stakeholders
- evaluate performance, useability and reliability
- identify areas for improvement
What is the deployment phase in an agile life cycle?
what do some activities include?
Release software to users or production environment
Activities include:
- plan and execute the deployment process
- monitor performance post deployment
- address issues that arise during / after deployment.
When is an agile lifecycle used and what are the benefits?
Usually used for software development projects. It allows flexibility, adaptability and continuous refinement
What is a hybrid life cycle?
This is a pragmatic approach to achieving beneficial change which combines a liner life cycle for some phases and an iterative life cycle for other phases
What is sustainable development?
development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations from meeting their own needs
What are the 3 pillars of corporate sustainability?
- Social pillar
- Economic pillar
- Environmental pillar
there is often a 4th recognised pillar of corporate sustainability. What is this?
Culture - this refers to the difference in sustainable lifecycles in various locations
What is the Brundtland report?
a 300 page document that aims to shape policies and set out key measures to be used in order to protect the planet and human life
