Unit 2 (pt 1) Vocab

Question 1

Population distribution

Answer 1

the pattern of people scattered over an area

Question 2

Population density

Answer 2

the number of people within a given area

Question 3

World’s estimated population

Answer 3

7 billion

Question 4

1/3 of the whole population is-

Answer 4

China (1.3 billion) and India (1.2 billion)

Question 5

Where are the major population concentrations?

Answer 5

East Asia, Northeast America, South Asia, Western Europe

Question 6

Where does 60% of the world’s population live?

Answer 6

Within 60 miles of the ocean

Question 7

What do high populations have?

Answer 7

High soil fertility and mild climates

Question 8

How is the world becoming more urban?

Answer 8

50% of the population is in urban areas

Question 9

Human factors that influence population distribution

Answer 9

culture, economics, history, politics

Question 10

Physical factors that influence population distribution

Answer 10

climate, land forms, water bodies

Question 11

Ecumene

Answer 11

the habitable parts of the world

Question 12

Factors the show population distribution vary by scale of analysis

Answer 12

eg. Migration-
global
regional
national
local

Question 13

population density- name 3 methods

Answer 13

measure of total population relative to land size

• arithmetic
• physiologic
• agricultural

Question 14

Arithmetic population density

Answer 14

measure of the number of people within a given area divided by the total land area

Question 15

Physiologic population density

Answer 15

measure the number of people per arable (farmable) land

Question 16

agricultural population density

Answer 16

measure of the number of farmers per arable land

Question 17

Political processes

Answer 17

more laws, greater power/influence

Question 18

Economic processes

Answer 18

more jobs, higher tax base, increase in poverty

Question 19

Social processes

Answer 19

more education, more health care, greater diversity (language/culture)

Question 20

Pop. dis affect environment

Answer 20

deforestation, less spave/room, pollution, natural resource depletion

Question 21

patterns of age and gender vary across scales

Answer 21

ratio
global
regional
national
local

Question 22

population pyramids

Answer 22

provides a visual representation of a population in terms of age and sex as well as a good indication of the dependency ratio within a country and is used to assess population growth and decline and to predict markets for goods/services

Question 23

Least developed countries (LDC) tend to…

Answer 23

have pop pyramids predicting rapid growth

Question 24

More developed countries (MDC) tend to…

Answer 24

have pop pyramids stable or declining

Question 25

rapid growth

Answer 25

distinguished by a wide base (pop pyramid)

Question 26

stable/slow growth

Answer 26

characterized by a rectangular shape (pop pyramid)

Question 27

declining/negative growth

Answer 27

the base is smaller that previous cohorts (pop pyramid)

Question 28

disrupted growth

Answer 28

signifigant gaps in the pyramid, usually as a result of war, strict pop policies, or other drastic events (pop pyramid)

Question 29

TFR

Answer 29

the average number of children a woman will have during her childbearing years (15-49)

Question 30

birth rate

Answer 30

nimber of live births in a single year for every 1000 people (in a pop)

Question 31

replacement fertility level

Answer 31

2.1 (slightly higher than 2.0 to account for infant childhood mortality/childless women)

Question 32

mortality (death) rate

Answer 32

number of deaths in a single year for every 1000 people (in a population)

Question 33

infant mortality rate

Answer 33

number of deaths during the 1st year of life (per 1000)

Question 34

child mortality rate

Answer 34

number of deaths of between the ages of 1 and 5 (per 1000)

Question 35

maternal mortality rate

Answer 35

number of deaths during or shortly after childbirth (per 100,000)

Question 36

migration

Answer 36

involves a degree of permanence when moving to a new locale

Question 37

emigration (out migration)

Answer 37

describes movement out of a particular place

Question 38

immigration (in migration)

Answer 38

describes movement to a particular place

Question 39

transitional migration

Answer 39

migration across national boundaries

Question 40

internal migration

Answer 40

migration within nation boundaries

Question 41

natural increase

Answer 41

birth rate minus death rate

Question 42

population doubling time

Answer 42

the length of time for a population to double in size

Question 43

Countries with growth rates of 1% take...

Answer 43

70 years to double

Question 44

Countries ith growth rates of 2% take...

Answer 44

35 years to double

Question 45

What curve started in the 1950's represents exponential growth

Answer 45

J-curve

Question 46

(influence fertility, mortality, and migration) Social

Answer 46

gender empowerment, attitudes abut family panning, contraception, marrying age and family size

Question 47

(influence fertility, mortality, and migration) cultural

Answer 47

religion/morality, ethnicity, values.attitudes, gender empowerment

Question 48

(influence fertility, mortality, and migration) political

Answer 48

government policies, gender empowerment, conflicts/war

Question 49

(influence fertility, mortality, and migration) economic

Answer 49

MDC/LDC, education level, employment opportunity, nutrition, health care, gender empowerment,

Question 50

Demographic transition model

Answer 50

describes the relationship between population and the development of a country and can be used to explain population change

Question 51

5 stages of demographic transition model

Answer 51

``` Pre-industrialization Developing countries (pop increase) developing country (pop levels off) developed country (pop stable) developed country (pop decline) ```

Question 52

(causes of changing death rates) epidemiological transition

Answer 52

increase in population due to medical innovation causing a decrease in the death rate

Question 53

Stage 1- Pre-industrialization

Answer 53

birth rates are high and death rates are high- low pop growth

Question 54

Stage 2- Developing country

Answer 54

birth rates are high and death rates begin to drop- population increases

Question 55

Stage 3- Developing country

Answer 55

birth rates begin to drop and death rates drop- population levels off

Question 56

Stage 4- Developed Country

Answer 56

birth rates are low and death rates are low- population stabalizes

Question 57

Stage 5- Developed country

Answer 57

birth rates are very low and death rates are low- population declines

Question 58

(causes of changing death rates) Population explosion

Answer 58

the very great and continuing increase in human population in modern times

Question 59

(consequences of population change) Thomas Malthus (1798)

Answer 59

argued that the size and growth of a population depends on the food supply and agricultural methods AND when there is an insufficient supply of food, people die

Question 60

Pro-natalist population policies

Answer 60

policies that provide incentives for women to have children, typically in countries with declining populations