Unit 2 Questions Flashcards
Who came up with the term cells?
Robert Hooke
What are the 3 parts of the cell theory?
- All cells come from other cells
- All living organisms are made up of one or more cells
- The cell is the most basic unit of life
Who is the father of microbiology?
Antoine van Leeuwenhoek
What are the 6 kingdoms of life?
Plants, animals, protists, fungi, archaebacteria, and eubacteria
Equation for aerobic cellular respiration
C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6 O₂ → 6 CO₂ + 6 H₂O+ Energy
WORD equation for fermentation
glucose + enzymes = carbon dioxide + ethanol
Where does cellular respiration occur in cells?
Mitochondria
What does aerobic respiration completely break down?
Glucose, amino acids, and fatty acids
Which process produces more energy? Anaerobic or aerobic?
Aerobic by almost 15 times
What gas diffuses into the cells?
Oxygen
What gas diffuses out of the cell?
Carbon dioxide
Fill the blank, in diffusion gases move from areas of _______ concentration to areas of _______ concentration.
High, low
What is osmosis?
Osmosis is the passive movement of water molecules from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration.
What is facilitated diffusion?
Facilitated diffusion is a type of passive movement where molecules are transported across a membrane.
What process allows glucose to enter the cell?
Facilitated Diffusion
Why do your heart rate and breathing rate rise when you exercise?
These rise because your cells need more oxygen to produce more ATP and you need more blood because red blood cells carry oxygen to the cells.
Organize the following from smallest to largest: carbon atom, phospholipid, glucose, amoeba, red blood cell, water molecule, ribosome, mitochondria
Ribosome, Carbon Atom, Phospholipid, Glucose, Red Blood Cell, Mitochondria, Amoeba, and Water Molecule
Why are cells so small?
Cells are so small because they need to get nutrients fat and get waste out quickly, they are also so small so they can have a higher surface area than volume.
Why must a cell have a higher surface area than volume?
They must have a higher surface area than volume because the cell needs to have more membrane so it can be flexible and hold the organelles, this allows materials to be transported in and out of the cell as efficiently as possible.
What are the 3 stages of the cell cycle?
Interphase, mitosis, and cytokinesis
What is the longest stage of the cell cycle?
Interphase
In what stage does DNA replication take place?
S-Phase
