Unit 2: Quiz #1

Question 1

What is adaptation?

Answer 1

organism change
to support survival and reproduction

Question 2

Types of adaptations

Answer 2

Structural
Behavioural
Physiological

Question 3

Structural adaptations (types)

Answer 3

Camouflage
Mimicry

Question 4

Camouflage

Answer 4

Defence tactic
Disguise appearance (usually blend into surroundings)

Question 5

Mimicry

Answer 5

Harmless species resemble HARMFUL species (colouration or structure)

Question 6

How do adaptations develop?

Answer 6

Gradual + accumulative change

Question 7

How do variations develop?

Answer 7

occur RANDOMLY due to genetic MUTATION

Question 8

Mutation

Answer 8

Percent at change to genetic material of organism (only source of new genetic variation)

Question 9

Mutations can have a selective advantage. Define this term.

Answer 9

Genetic advantage that improves chances of survival over competition

Question 10

What determines if a particular variation is successful?

Answer 10

Environmental conditions (ie. drought, flood, famine) #selective advantage

Question 11

mutation in somatic cell:

Answer 11

Mutation present in DNA of one individual (ends with that one)

Can’t be passed on.

Question 12

Mutation present in gamete cell

Answer 12

It can be passed on to offspring (new alleles)

Question 13

Define natural selection.

Answer 13

individuals with inherited beneficial adaptations produce more offspring

Question 14

Variation (principale)

Answer 14

heritable variations exist in every population that are basis for natural selection

Question 15

Different among individuals result from…

Answer 15

Different in genetic material of organism

Question 16

Overproduction (principle)

Answer 16

Not enough resources to care for all offspring produced (struggle for survival)

Question 17

Adaptations (principle)

Answer 17

Certain variations allow individual to survive longer than competitors

Question 18

More successful individuals…

Answer 18

Survive longer and reproduce offspring that share that adaptation

Question 19

Descent with modification (principle)

Answer 19

Natural selection results in species with adaptations well-suited for survival + repro in their environment

Question 20

Natural selection acts on genetic traits (true or false)

Answer 20

False.

Acts on physical traits

Question 21

Phenotypes

Answer 21

Physical traits

Question 22

Alleles

Answer 22

Trait

Question 23

New alleles are made by genetic mutations (true or false)

Answer 23

True.

These are not made by natural selection.

Question 24

Natural selections can act on…

Answer 24

Traits that already exist

Question 25

do individuals evolve?

Answer 25

No. Populations do over time.

Question 26

Natural selection will ____ inherited traits

Answer 26

Amplify or diminish

Question 27

Abiotic

Answer 27

Environmental factors

Question 28

Biotic

Answer 28

Ex) parasites, predators, and competition

Question 29

Selective factors

Answer 29

Factors that select for or against variations of a population

Question 30

“Select for”

Answer 30

Characteristic that are well suited for environment

Question 31

“Selects against”

Answer 31

Characteristic not well suited for environment

Question 32

Artificial selection

Answer 32

Pressure exerted by humans on populations (choose survival for species)

Question 33

Monoculture

Answer 33

Growing only one type of crop in an environment