Unit 2-Safety

Question 1

5 types of microorganisms

Answer 1

• Bacteria
• Viruses
• Fungi
• Protozoa
• Rickettsiae

Question 2

Pathogens vs Normal flora

Answer 2

• Pathogens: causes diseases

- Normal Body Flora: doesn’t cause disease

Question 3

What are healthcare acquired infections? how do patients get them? how can they be prevented?

Answer 3

• infection acquired in healthcare facility
• acquired= incorrect sanitation and disinfection
• prevention = hand washing

Question 4

What is an opportunist infection

Answer 4

occurs when body defenses are weak

Question 5

what do microorganisms need to grow

Answer 5

• moisture
• warmth
• Darkness
• Food source

Question 6

Antiseptic

Answer 6

solutions that are applied directly to skin (only kill bacteria)
-alcohol, betodine

Question 7

Disinfectant

Answer 7

uses strong chemicals, usually on objects not skin

-bleach

Question 8

Sterilization

Answer 8

process that eliminates/kills all form of microorganisms

Question 9

Autoclave

Answer 9

uses steam under pressure

Question 10

Aseptic Technique

Answer 10

practices that are used to keep area free of germs and contamination

Question 11

Medical Asepsis

Answer 11

Clean technique

- reduces microorganisms

Question 12

Surgical Asepsis

Answer 12

Sterile Technique

- free of microorganisms 
- for invasive procedures 
- sterile can only touch sterile

Question 13

What is the chain of infection

Answer 13

• way of gathering the info needed to interrupt/prevent an epidemic

Question 14

infectious agent

Answer 14

organism that causes disease

Question 15

Source

Answer 15

place where infectious agent lives and grows

Question 16

Portal of Exit

Answer 16

body opening that allows infectious agent to leave the source

Question 17

Route of Transmission

Answer 17

how infectious agent travels from infected person to another person

Question 18

Susceptible Host

Answer 18

non-infected person who could get infected

Question 19

Portal of Entry

Answer 19

any body opening that allows infectious agent to enter

Question 20

what are some practices that can break specifics links in chain of infection

Answer 20

• hand washing
• disinfection
• environmental sanitation
• treatment

Question 21

OSHA

Answer 21

Occupational Safety and Health Administration

• federal agency responsible for workplace safety

Question 22

CDC

Answer 22

Center for Disease Control and Prevention 
• public health agency 
• conducts research to promote health 
• responds to health problems 
•promote/create safe work places

Question 23

what are standard precautions? when are they used ?

Answer 23

• practices that prevent transmissions of infectious agents in healthcare setting
• required for ALL healthcare providers
• assume everyone is infected

Question 24

Examples of standard precautions

Answer 24

• hand washing
• environmental control
• PPE
• needles and other sharp objects

Question 25

what are they types of transmission based precautions

Answer 25

Contact Airborne Droplet

Question 26

what are transmission based precautions

Answer 26

aimed at preventing spread of highly infectious agents

Question 27

what is PPE

Answer 27

personal protective equipment

Question 28

Donning

Answer 28

putting on PPE

Question 28

Doffing

Answer 28

- taking off PPE

Question 29

causes of back injuries

Answer 29

- stress - overweight - poor posture - forward bending

Question 30

prevention of back injury

Answer 30

- no twisting - bend knees - push not pull - use legs

Question 31

3 people most susceptible to infection

Answer 31

1. SCID 2. very young 3. older adults

Question 32

infectious pathogen

Answer 32

they can live in a host and cause disease

Question 33

virulent pathogen

Answer 33

- provides quantitative likelihood of disease

Question 34

contagious pathogen

Answer 34

spreads disease easily from one person to another

Question 35

what is a drug resistant bacteria? why does it occur?

Answer 35

- strains of bacteria that have adapted and no longer killed by normal antibiotics treatment occur? = - antibiotics used inappropriately - not all meds taken - prescribed wrong treatment

Question 36

what methods have healthcare facilities implemented in order to decrease number of sharp injuries?

Answer 36

- use of safer hinged needles and winged steel needles | Needle-stick Safety and Prevention Act

Question 37

what special precautions should be taken for patients with respiratory illness when coming in contact with others ?

Answer 37

- patient wear a mask in common areas | - provide them with a private waiting room and cafe

Question 38

how do resistant bacteria in food animals end up in our food?

Answer 38

- carry diseases in their intestines

Question 39

Body mechanics

Answer 39

- use of body to produce motion that’s safe, energy conserving and anatomically/physiologically efficient

Question 40

Body alignment

Answer 40

- correct relationship/position of head, back and limbs

Question 41

Contact

Answer 41

- transmitted from person to person PRECAUTIONS = gloves, gown,

Question 42

Droplet

Answer 42

- transmitted by respiratory secretions from one person to another - spreads by coughs/sneezes PRECAUTIONS = mask

Question 43

Airborne

Answer 43

- spread by tiny airborne droplets - droplets remain in air for long time - air currents carry this pathogen PRECAUTIONS = efficiency particulate air N-95 respirator - negative pressure, door shut

Question 44

Indirect

Answer 44

infection transmitted from articles of surfaces in clients environment

Question 45

direct

Answer 45

infection transmitted from skin to skin