Unit 2 - Vocab Flashcards
(140 cards)
1
Q
a-, an-
A
not, without, against
2
Q
aden/o-
A
pertaining to glands
3
Q
adip/o-
A
pertaining to fat
4
Q
anter/o-
A
before, in front of
5
Q
caud/o-
A
lower body, towards the feet
6
Q
cephal/o-
A
pertaining to the head
7
Q
-cyte, cyt/o-
A
pertaining to cells
8
Q
dem/i-,dem/o-
A
half
9
Q
dors/i-, dors/o-
A
pertaining to the back
10
Q
en-, end/o-
A
inside, within
11
Q
epi-
A
on, above, over
12
Q
eti/o-
A
cause, origin
13
Q
ex/o-
A
outside, away from
14
Q
gen/o-
A
birth, race, origin (to do with genetics)
15
Q
histi/o-, hist/o-
A
pertaining to tissues
16
Q
iatr/o-
A
physician, medicine, healing
17
Q
idi/o-
A
unusual
18
Q
macro-
A
large
19
Q
medi/o-
A
medium, middle
20
Q
mega-
A
large
21
Q
micr/o-
A
small, tiny
22
Q
mid-
A
middle, half
23
Q
nosocomi/o-
A
pertaining to hospitals
24
Q
pan-
A
all
25
path/o-, -pathy
disease, suffering
26
physi/o-, physic/o-
pertaining to physical form and function
27
plas/i-, plas/o-, -plasia
growth, development, formation
28
poster/o-
behind, back
29
proxim/o-
near, next
30
retro-
behind, backwards
31
-stasis, -static
maintenance of a constant state
32
thorac/o-
chest, torso
33
trans-
across, switch
34
ventr/o-
abdomen
35
-verse, -version
rotation, translation
36
abdominal cavity
large cavity in the torso containing major digestive organs
37
abdominopelvic cavity
combined abdominal and pelvic cavities
38
adenectomy
surgical removal of a gland
39
adenocarcinoma
malignant tumor(s) originating in glands
40
adenoma
benign tumor(s) originating in glands
41
adenomalacia
softening of a gland
42
adenosclerosis
hardening of a gland
43
adenosis
any disease or condition of a gland
44
advance directives
legal orders allowing patients to establish their medical wishes for the future if they cannot speak for themselves later
45
anaplasia
change in the structure of cells
46
anatomical position
body position where the body is upright, arms and legs extended, with palms towards the viewer
47
anatomical reference system
terms used to describe body planes, positions, and regions
48
anatomy
study of bodily structures
49
anomaly
deviation from the norm
50
anterior
in front of
51
aplasia
congenital underdevelopment or absence of an organ
52
atresia
congenital narrowing or absence of bodily opening
53
atrophy
degeneration of an organ or tissue
54
autopsy
postmortem bodily examination
55
airborne transmission
spread of disease via pathogens suspended in the air and inhaled
56
bloodborne transmission
spread of disease via infected blood
57
caudal
around the lower body/feet
58
chromosome
genetic structure located within cells/ nuclei
59
communicable disease
disease transmitted from person to person
60
cephalic
around the head
61
congenital disorder
abnormal condition present at birth
62
connective tissue
support and connect organs and tissues
63
cystic fibrosis
genetic disorder affecting the mucus in the respiratory and digestive tracts
64
cytology
study of cells
65
cytoplasm
liquid within cells outside of the nuclei
66
deoxyribonucleic acid/DNA
material that makes up chromosomes, carrying genetic info
67
developmental disorder
disorder impairing mental or physical development
68
distal
furthest from center of body or joint
69
DNR order
order instructing physicians to not perform CPR in the case of a patient's heart stopping
70
droplet transmission
spread of disease via respiratory droplets
71
dorsal
back
72
dysplasia
abnormal development or presence of cells
73
endemic
disease with ongoing presence within certain population(s)
74
endocrine gland
glands releasing hormones directly into the bloodstream
75
endothelium
thin layer of cells lining the inside of blood vessels
76
epidemic
sudden abnormal outbreak of disease within limited population
77
epigastric region
abdominal region above the stomach
78
epithelial tissue
layer of tissues surrounding all organs in the body
79
etiology
study of the causes of diseases
80
exocrine gland
glands releasing hormones into ducts
81
fetal alcohol syndrome
developmental disorder caused by consumption of alcohol while pregnant
82
fomite transmission
spread of disease via infected surfaces
83
foodborne/waterborne transmission
spread of disease via contaminated and ingested food/water
84
fragile X syndrome
genetic developmental disorder caused the mutation of a gene
85
functional disorder
disease or condition with no identifiable cause
86
gene
hereditary traits passed down to offspring
87
genetic disorder
disease caused by absent or defective gene(s)
88
genetic mutation
changes in a DNA sequence
89
genome
complete set of an organism's genetic information
90
geriatrics
medical specialty focusing on caring for the elderly
91
health care proxy
allows patients to appoint someone to make medical decisions for them if they cannot
92
hemophilia
hereditary bleeding disorder caused by a missing clotting factor
93
histology
study of the microscopic structure and composition of tissues
94
homeostasis
maintenance of a stable internal bodily environment
95
Huntington's disease
hereditary degenerative brain disorder caused by gene defect
96
hyperplasia
increase in the number of cells in an organ
97
hypertrophy
increase in the size of an organ or cells
98
hypochondriac
below the ribs
99
hypogastric region
lower middle abdominal region
100
hypoplasia
lack of adequate cells/underdevelopment in an organ
101
iatrogenic disease
disease caused by an adverse reaction to a previous medical treatment
102
idiopathic disease
any disease with no known cause
103
inguinal
area around the hip joints
104
lateral
away from the center of the body
105
left lower quadrant
106
left upper quadrant
107
living will
108
Marfan syndrome
Genetic disorder affecting the connective tissues
109
medial
towards the middle of the body
110
mesentary
fused double layer of parietal peritoneum attaching the intesting to the abdominal wall
111
metabolic syndrome
syndrome identified by increased risk of developing certain medical problems
112
midsagittal plane
plane dividing body in half vertically (left & right)
113
muscular dystrophy
group of genetic diseases causing degeneration of skeletal muscles
114
nosocomial infection
any infection acquired in a hospital setting
115
nucleus
structure within cells containing DNA
116
pandemic
sudden outbreak of a disease on a massive/global level
117
pathogen
foreign disease-causing organisms (viruses, bacteria, etc)
118
pelvic cavity
cavity formed by the pelvis containing the reproductive and excretory organs
119
peritoneum
a multilayered membrane holding organs within the abdominal cavity in place
120
peritonitis
inflammation of the peritoneum
121
phenylketonuria
genetic disorder caused by the lack of a digestive enzyme
122
physiology
study of the functions of the body
123
posterior
in/on the back
124
prenatal risk factors
mother's health, activities, etc that may affect the fetus
125
proximal
closest point to the center of the body or joint
126
retroperitoneal
behind the peritoneum
127
right & left hypochondriac region
part of the abdomen, around the lower ribs/chest
128
right & left iliac region
part of the abdomen around the pelvis
129
right & left lumbar region
part of the abdomen, below the ribs and above the pelvis
130
right lower quadrant
131
right upper quadrant
132
sagittal plane
vertical plane dividing the body, but not along the midline
133
stem cells
non-specific immature cells capable of producing many daughter cells and many types of cells
134
stem cell therapy
regenerative medicine (ex. Bone marrow transplants)
135
thoracic cavity
chest cavity; cavity containing the heart and lungs
136
thoracotomy
surgical procedure creating a hole into chest cavity for viewing
137
transverse plane
plane dividing the body in half horizontally (upper and lower)
138
umbilical region
navel, belly button
139
vector transmission
transmission of pathogens through animal vectors
140
ventral
front, belly
